Irritating effects on man of air pollution due to cigarette smoke.

Wéber, A.; Jermini, C.; Grandjean, E.

doi:10.2105/ajph.66.7.672

Cited by 59 publications

(21 citation statements)

References 3 publications

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“…For our purpose, the chamber served merely as an inter mediate tool. One should be aware, however, that the conditions used in the experimental chamber are not realistic in terms of human exposure to tobacco smoke since five cigarettes smoked in a room of 30 m3 size already cause a degree of irritation [43] which prevents any one's remaining in such an environment.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Analysis of Volatile N-Nitrosamines in Mainstream and Sidestream Smoke from Cigarettes by GLC-TEA

Brunnemann

Fink

Moser³

1980

Oncology

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Volatile N-nitrosamines were quantitatively determined in mainstream and sidestream smoke of commercial cigarettes using gas chromatography-thermal energy analysis (GLC-TEA). The smoke was trapped in ascorbic acid solution buffered at pH 4.5 and then extracted with dichloromethane; the organic phase was chromatographed on basic alumina and analyzed by GLC-TEA. The mainstream smoke of 22 different commercial cigarettes from Germany and Switzerland contained between 0.1 and 27 ng dimethylnitrosamine (DMN), 1.5 and 29 ng nitrosopyrrolidine (NPY) and traces of methylethylnitrosamine (MEN). The side-stream smoke of these cigarettes contained between 143 and 415 ng DMN, 3.1 and 27 ng MEN and 28 and 150 ng NPY. In a final experiment we measured the DMN concentration in a sealed experimental chamber as a function of the number of cigarettes smoked and recovered 68-87% of the DMN values found when using the sidestream collection device applied in the other experiments.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Analysis of Volatile N-Nitrosamines in Mainstream and Sidestream Smoke from Cigarettes by GLC-TEA

Brunnemann

Fink

Moser³

1980

Oncology

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“…Secondly, the prevalence of smoking among males is very high, and as their housing conditions are very poor the females are exposed to passive smoking through their male counterparts. Studies reported that when non-smoking adults are exposed to cigarette smoke, the pulmonary function tests showed a reduction in expired airflow at lower lung volumes at rest in men and with exercise in women [11][12][13][14] , but the magnitude of this change was quite small. Similarly, the White and Froeb study 15) also found a significant reduction in some pulmonary function tests (FEV 1 and MMEFR 25-75% ) in adults exposed to tobacco smoke in the work environment compared to those who did not have this exposure.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Spirometric Measurements among Quartz Stone Ex‐workers of Gujarat, India

Tiwari

Narain

Patel

et al. 2003

Journal of Occupational Health

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Spirometric Measurements among Quartz Stone Ex‐workers of Gujarat, India: Rajnarayan R Tiwari, et al. Occupational Medicine Division, National Institute of Occupational Health, Ahmedabad, India—The present cross sectional study was carried out among 134 ex‐workers from quartz stone crushing units. Using the interview technique as a tool for data collection, demographic and occupational details of the subjects were recorded on the predesigned proforma. Standard diagnostic criteria were used for diagnosing silicosis and silico‐tuberculosis. The pulmonary functions of the subjects were measured with Spirovit SP‐10. The mean age of the males was found to be 33.18 ± 10.39 yr and that of the females was 30.10 ± 9.3 yr and for the whole group was 31.77 ± 9.99 yr. Mean duration of exposure was 2.74 ± 1.65 yr. The study variables included age, sex, duration of exposure, smoking and respiratory morbidity. Forced Vital Capacity (FVC) which suggests lung parenchymal disorders was found to be significantly reduced with female sex, presence of smoking, increasing duration of exposure and presence of pneumoconiosis, whereas the lung function parameters indicating the status of airways were found to be significantly reduced with all the factors. Therefore, it was concluded that quartz stone workers exposed to approximately 100% free silica had deteriorated lung function which can be attributed mainly to respiratory disorders along with other epidemiological factors such as age, sex, duration of exposure and smoking.

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“…WEBER et al [40] exposed 60 subjects to ETS in a climatic chamber: approximately one third of normal nonsmokers experienced eye irritation, headache, and rhinitis; the effects on throat and respiratory system were relatively small [40]. Acrolein was the most notable irritant measured.…”

Section: Acute Effectsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Exposure to environmental tobacco smoke and adult non-neoplastic respiratory diseases

Trédaniel¹,

Boffetta²,

Saracci³

et al. 1994

Eur Respir J

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E Ex xp po os su ur re e t to o e en nv vi ir ro on nm me en nt ta al l t to ob ba ac cc co o s sm mo ok ke e a an nd d a ad du ul lt t n no on n--n ne eo op pl la as st ti ic c r re es sp pi ir ra at to or ry y d di is se ea as se es s On the basis of the available data, no definite conclusion (excluding the acute irritating effect of ETS on respiratory mucous membranes) can be drawn. Although biologically plausible, it remains controversial whether ETS exposure is associated with chronic respiratory symptoms and occurrence of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, including asthma. Most of the studies that have used the most sensitive indicators of pulmonary function have suggested a negative impact of ETS exposure. However, if really present, the physiological significance of such small changes is unclear, and the relationship to long-term changes in lung function is not established. Moreover, the possibility of bias and confounding factors must be taken into account. Thus, there is a need for further epidemiological studies on ETS exposure and adult non-neoplastic respiratory disorders.

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Irritating effects on man of air pollution due to cigarette smoke.

Cited by 59 publications

References 3 publications

Analysis of Volatile N-Nitrosamines in Mainstream and Sidestream Smoke from Cigarettes by GLC-TEA

Analysis of Volatile N-Nitrosamines in Mainstream and Sidestream Smoke from Cigarettes by GLC-TEA

Spirometric Measurements among Quartz Stone Ex‐workers of Gujarat, India

Exposure to environmental tobacco smoke and adult non-neoplastic respiratory diseases

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