IRTROCK: A MATLAB toolbox for contactless recognition of surface and shallow weakness of a rock cliff by infrared thermography

Teza, Giordano; Marcato, Gianluca; Castelli, Eugenio; Galgaro, Antonio

doi:10.1016/j.cageo.2011.10.022

Cited by 52 publications

(44 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…The main attenuation factors of thermal radiation commonly considered when dealing with thermal imaging are those related to atmospheric effects. In particular, infrared absorption by atmospheric molecules is significant in the 0-14 µm spectral region (Figure 1b), except for two spectral bands in which many thermal cameras are sensitive: (a) the spectral window between 8 and 14 µm, also called "Long-Wavelength Infrared band (LWIR)"; (b) the waveband between 3 and 5 µm, namely "Mid-Wavelength Infrared band (MWIR)", generally considered more suited to high temperature measurements [13] (Figure 1c). …”

Section: Theoretical Principlesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Fractures in particular are crucial factors for rock slope stability: open cracks can indicate initial stages of motion for deep-seated rockslides [85], while loosened rock sectors and ledge-niche systems represent potential instability zones along rock cliffs, as they are key indicators of future potential rock fall phenomena [13]. Furthermore, the effect of water seeping along rock masses can result in lowering the stability of rock slopes, by generating water pressure and weathering along discontinuities, reducing the shear strengths of rock mass fractures [75].…”

Section: Irt Applied To Unstable Slopes Mapping and Characterizationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…As infrared thermography operates within limited spectral ranges, in practice it is often possible to treat objects as grey bodies. The emissivity of a real material is a spectral quantity characterizing the nature of the surface of the object being imaged [13]. In detail it can be defined as a factor that describes its efficiency in radiating energy compared to a black body (radiant exitance of an object at a given temperature over the radiant exitance of a black body at the same temperature [56]).…”

Section: Irt Theorymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Many materials radiate like blackbodies over certain wavelength intervals: for example, water has 0.98 < ε < 0.99 behaving very close to a blackbody radiator in the 6-14 µm wavelength range; soil and rocks are grey bodies with high emissivity values (ε ≥ 0.8) [53]. At any temperature, a blackbody can emit the maximum energy possible per unit time in every part of the electromagnetic spectrum [13].…”

Section: Irt Theorymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In recent years, amongst the new methods for accurate landslide mapping, ground-based technologies such as digital photogrammetry (DP) [4][5][6], terrestrial laser scanning (TLS) [7][8][9], ground-based interferometric synthetic aperture radar (GB-InSAR) [10][11][12] and infrared thermography (IRT) [13][14][15], have been increasingly used as efficient remote surveying techniques for the prompt characterization and mapping of slopes affected by instability processes. IRT (or thermal imaging) is the branch of remote sensing dealing with measuring the radiant temperature of the Earth's…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Landslide Mapping and Characterization through Infrared Thermography (IRT): Suggestions for a Methodological Approach from Some Case Studies

et al. 2017

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Abstract:In this paper, the potential of Infrared Thermography (IRT) as a novel operational tool for landslide surveying, mapping and characterization was tested and demonstrated in different case studies, by analyzing various types of instability processes (rock slide/fall, roto-translational slide-flow). In particular, IRT was applied, both from terrestrial and airborne platforms, in an integrated methodology with other geomatcs methods, such as terrestrial laser scanning (TLS) and global positioning systems (GPS), for the detection and mapping of landslides' potentially hazardous structural and morphological features (structural discontinuities and open fractures, scarps, seepage and moisture zones, landslide drainage network and ponds). Depending on the study areas' hazard context, the collected remotely sensed data were validated through field inspections, with the purpose of studying and verifying the causes of mass movements. The challenge of this work is to go beyond the current state of the art of IRT in landslide studies, with the aim of improving and extending the investigative capacity of the analyzed technique, in the framework of a growing demand for effective Civil Protection procedures in landslide geo-hydrological disaster managing activities. The proposed methodology proved to be an effective tool for landslide analysis, especially in the field of emergency management, when it is often necessary to gather all the required information in dangerous environments as fast as possible, to be used for the planning of mitigation measures and the evaluation of hazardous scenarios. Advantages and limitations of the proposed method in the field of the explored applications were evaluated, as well as general operative recommendations and future perspectives.

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Section: Theoretical Principlesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Irt Applied To Unstable Slopes Mapping and Characterizationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Irt Theorymentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Irt Theorymentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Landslide Mapping and Characterization through Infrared Thermography (IRT): Suggestions for a Methodological Approach from Some Case Studies

et al. 2017

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A multi‐method investigation of temperature, moisture and salt dynamics in tafoni (Tafraoute, Morocco)

Schnepfleitner

Sass

Fruhmann

et al. 2015

Earth Surf Processes Landf

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Despite numerous investigations and theoretical models, tafoni weathering is still not fully understood largely because of limited data available on temperature, moisture and salt regimes. We investigated tafoni developed in granite in the Tafraoute region, Morocco, through an exploratory, two-week multi-method field campaign. Temperatures were measured with iButtons and by means of infrared thermography; moisture distribution and progress were captured with handheld moisture sensors and with drilled-in iButtons. Salts were analysed in drill dust samples from different positions and rock depths.The results derived from very different techniques mutually support one another. Salts and moisture are concentrated near the base of the investigated tafoni, probably due to a saturated pore water body around the base of rock tors. Salts are accumulated close to the rock surface in tafoni, but not on the surrounding rock surfaces. A clear correlation was found between moisture and salt contents. Within a tafone, areas of higher humidity also display increased salt concentration near the surface. The temperature/humidity records allied with ionic analyses suggest that sodium sulfate dominates and is likely to undergo frequent phase changes from thenardite to mirabilite and vice versa. Two pathways of salt transport in and around tafoni are assumed based on the data: infiltration with rainfall on the top and around tors and boulders, and capillary rise from saturated pore water bodies to the surface.

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3D Laser scanner and thermography for tunnel discontinuity mapping

Barla

Antolini

Gigli

2016

Geomechanics and Tunnelling

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Discontinuity mapping of tunnels during excavation is a key component of the interactive observational design approach. One requirement is to verify the geological and geomechanical predictions made at the design stage. In recent years, fully automated, remote‐based techniques such as Terrestrial Laser Scanning (TLS) and Infrared Thermography (IRT) have become available, and their applications have increased, reducing the time needed to obtain complete geomechanical mapping of the rock mass. The effective use of these techniques is of great interest in tunnelling where the need arises for the operators to work close to the tunnel face. This paper presents a discussion of the main technical features of TLS and IRT, as well as data processing methods, followed by a case study of a tunnel excavated in the NW Italian Alps.

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IRTROCK: A MATLAB toolbox for contactless recognition of surface and shallow weakness of a rock cliff by infrared thermography

Cited by 52 publications

References 15 publications

Landslide Mapping and Characterization through Infrared Thermography (IRT): Suggestions for a Methodological Approach from Some Case Studies

Landslide Mapping and Characterization through Infrared Thermography (IRT): Suggestions for a Methodological Approach from Some Case Studies

A multi‐method investigation of temperature, moisture and salt dynamics in tafoni (Tafraoute, Morocco)

3D Laser scanner and thermography for tunnel discontinuity mapping

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