Is a hands-free phone safer than a handheld phone?

Ishigami, Yoko; Klein, Raymond M.

doi:10.1016/j.jsr.2009.02.006

Cited by 117 publications

(61 citation statements)

References 22 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…Furthermore, the public perceived using a hands-free cell phone as more acceptable than using a handheld cell phone. According to the previous studies (Abdel-Aty, 2003;Ishigami & Klein, 2009;Patten et al, 2004), there was no evidence to prove that using hands-free cell phone while driving was safer than using handheld cell phone. Hence, the drivers' attitudes associate with hands-free cell phone should be improved in Iowa.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 95%

“…According to Ishigami and Klein (2009), the results obtained from many of previous studies included both field and simulated driving studies showed that using HH or HF type of cell phone would impair driving performance almost equally. Same conclusion reached in Abdel-Aty (2003) which found that restricting handheld devices but permitting hands-free devices was not likely to reduce distraction from phone conversation as well.…”

Section: Cell Phone Related Studies Of Distracted Drivingmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

The culture of distracted driving: Evidence from a public opinion survey in Iowa

Gkritza

Albrecht

2014

Transportation Research Part F: Traffic Psychology and Behaviou

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 95%

Section: Cell Phone Related Studies Of Distracted Drivingmentioning

confidence: 99%

The culture of distracted driving: Evidence from a public opinion survey in Iowa

Gkritza

Albrecht

2014

Transportation Research Part F: Traffic Psychology and Behaviou

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

“…Ishigami at al. concluded in their review that performance, when using the hands-free phone, is in fact not better than when using a hand-held one [10]. The quoted papers indicate clearly that a phone conversation impairs sensomotoric activities.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cell phone ringtone, but not landline phone ringtone, affects complex reaction time

Zajdel¹,

Zajdel²,

Śmigielski³

et al. 2013

International Journal of Occupational Medicine and Environmental Health

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Introduction: Legislation systems of most countries prohibited using the handheld mobile phone while driving due to the fact that it disturbs concentration and causes hand involvement. Every phone owner is accustomed to the ringtone of his phone and almost involuntarily endeavors to pick it up or check who calls. This engages one's psychomotor skills, which in our opinion contributes to the attenuation of reaction time needed for performing other crucial functions. Objectives: The aim of the study was: (1) to evaluate the influence of the sound of a ringing mobile phone on the complex reaction time (RT) score in healthy subjects (owners), and (2) to check if there are any differences in RT when a landline phone and mobile phone ring. Methods: To assess RT we used our system and protocol of examination, previously validated. The examination conditions were standardized. All tests were performed in the same room with the same light and general acoustic conditions. The test group consisted of 23 women and 24 men, aged 19-24 years. The examination comprised 4 sessions: Training Session (TS) during which the subjects were accustomed with the application and sample stimuli, Control Session (CS) with no telephone ringing, Landline Session (LS) with landline phone ringing, Mobile Session (MS) with mobile phone ringing. Results: The median RT in the study population was significantly elongated (p < 0.001) in MS. In women and in men RTs were significantly longer in MS than in CS and non-significantly longer than in LS. Reaction times in CS, LS and MS were longer in women, however the differences were not significant (p > 0.05). Conclusions: We think that the specific 'bond' between a person and their private phone can significantly disrupt their attention and thus affect the attention-demanding activities.

show abstract

“…This evidence suggests that hands-free phones are not safer to use than handheld phones in terms of driving performance. [13,14,22,[24][25][26][27] Although this may seen counterintuitive, evidence showing that it is the cognitive distraction that has the most impact on driving performance may explain why using a hands-free mobile phone may be as likely to cause a crash as using a hand-held mobile phone. [13,14,23,25,[28][29][30] These conclusions are derived from epidemiological studies, meta-analyses, simulator studies, and reviews of the literature.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of loud music and active telephonic conversation on simple visual reaction time

Srikaram¹,

Ambareesha²,

Kasthuri³

2018

Natl J Physiol Pharm Pharmacol

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Background: In India, there is at least one death for every 4 min due to road traffic accidents (RTA's) (1.37, 423 deaths in a year), of which 77.5% are due to fault of drivers. Many vehicles are equipped with high volume speakers and Bluetooth hands-free devices. Furthermore, pedestrians and two-wheeler drivers use headset or Bluetooth connected to phones or MP3 players. These may decrease visual, mechanical, and cognitive abilities. India's contribution to global RTA's is around 10%, despite very few studies were done in this regard (World Health Organization, 2004). Aims and Objectives: The aim of this study is to find the independent relation between listening to loud music and active telephonic conversation on simple visual reaction time (VRT). Materials and Methods: A total of 40 healthy, male subjects within the age group of 20-25 years are recruited in the study. VRT is estimated using Gary-Darby RT software, version-V4.03. Subjects are tested without any distractions and then while engaging in active telephonic conversation using hands-free device and finally are tested while listening to their favorite music at high volume. Results: Statistical analysis was performed by student t-test and P ˂ 0.05 is considered as statistically significant. Mean average VRT and mean longest VRT without distractions are 0.32 ± 0.08 and 0.41 ± 0.13, with active telephonic conversation are 0.70 ± 0.23 and 1.10 ± 0.44, and with loud music are 0.34 ± 0.06 and 0.44 ± 0.09, respectively. Conclusion: Active telephonic conversation is significantly affecting VRT and hence driving ability. The effect of loud music on VRT is not significant; more research is required in this regard to other thought process such as choice RT, emotion, and judgment.

show abstract

Is a hands-free phone safer than a handheld phone?

Cited by 117 publications

References 22 publications

The culture of distracted driving: Evidence from a public opinion survey in Iowa

The culture of distracted driving: Evidence from a public opinion survey in Iowa

Cell phone ringtone, but not landline phone ringtone, affects complex reaction time

Effect of loud music and active telephonic conversation on simple visual reaction time

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About