Is adsorption onto activated carbon a feasible drinking water treatment option for persistent and mobile substances?

Schumann, Pia; Muschket, Matthias; Dittmann, Daniel; Rabe, Luisa; Reemtsma, Thorsten; Jekel, Martin; Ruhl, Aki Sebastian

doi:10.1016/j.watres.2023.119861

Cited by 15 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 52 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Several technologies have been developed for water treatment, including wastewater purification and recycling, including precipitation [ 10 , 11 ], oxidation [ 12 ], membrane filtration [ 13 , 14 , 15 ], adsorption [ 16 , 17 , 18 , 19 , 20 , 21 , 22 ], biological treatments [ 23 , 24 , 25 ], advanced oxidation processes [ 26 , 27 , 28 , 29 , 30 , 31 , 32 ], etc. However, some of these technologies are expensive, complex, have high energy consumption, or even low efficiency.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It was also pointed out that a growing number of chemicals threaten the aquatic environment. Once present in water, some of them manage to Several technologies have been developed for water treatment, including wastewater purification and recycling, including precipitation [10,11], oxidation [12], membrane filtration [13][14][15], adsorption [16][17][18][19][20][21][22], biological treatments [23][24][25], advanced oxidation processes [26][27][28][29][30][31][32], etc. However, some of these technologies are expensive, complex, have high energy consumption, or even low efficiency.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Chitosan Hydrogels for Water Purification Applications

Chelu,

Musuc,

Popa

et al. 2023

Gels

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Chitosan-based hydrogels have gained significant attention for their potential applications in water treatment and purification due to their remarkable properties such as bioavailability, biocompatibility, biodegradability, environmental friendliness, high pollutants adsorption capacity, and water adsorption capacity. This article comprehensively reviews recent advances in chitosan-based hydrogel materials for water purification applications. The synthesis methods, structural properties, and water purification performance of chitosan-based hydrogels are critically analyzed. The incorporation of various nanomaterials into chitosan-based hydrogels, such as nanoparticles, graphene, and metal-organic frameworks, has been explored to enhance their performance. The mechanisms of water purification, including adsorption, filtration, and antimicrobial activity, are also discussed in detail. The potential of chitosan-based hydrogels for the removal of pollutants, such as heavy metals, organic contaminants, and microorganisms, from water sources is highlighted. Moreover, the challenges and future perspectives of chitosan-based hydrogels in water treatment and water purification applications are also illustrated. Overall, this article provides valuable insights into the current state of the art regarding chitosan-based hydrogels for water purification applications and highlights their potential for addressing global water pollution challenges.

show abstract

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Chitosan Hydrogels for Water Purification Applications

Chelu,

Musuc,

Popa

et al. 2023

Gels

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Some of the current and most common technologies to separate ions from water include adsorption, ion exchange (IX), and membrane processes. − The first two group includes carbon-based, biobased, metal organic frameworks (MOFs), polymeric, and inorganic adsorbents . Two popularly applied technologies are activated carbon (AC) and ion exchangers . These two materials can be used for a broad number of separation applications, do not demand highly trained operators to operate, their processes involve low capital cost and moderate maintenance requirements, and these can be regenerated to increase the lifespan of the adsorbents.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Membrane Functionalization Approaches toward Per- and Polyfluoroalkyl Substances and Selected Metal Ion Separations

Léniz-Pizarro,

Rudel,

Briot

et al. 2023

ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Adsorption and ion exchange technologies are two of the most widely used approaches to separate pollutants from water; however, their intrinsic diffusion limitations continue to be a challenge. Pore functionalized membranes are a promising technology that can help overcome these challenges, but the extents of their competitive benefits and broad applicability have not been systematically evaluated. Herein, three types of adsorptive/ion exchange (IX) polymers containing strong/weak acid, strong base, and iron-chitosan complex groups were synthesized in the pores and partially on the surface of microfiltration (MF) membranes and tested for the removal of organic and inorganic cations and anions from water, including arsenic, per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS), and calcium (hardness). When directly compared with beads (0.5–6 mm) and crushed resins (0.05 mm), adsorptive/IX pore-functionalized membranes demonstrated an increased relative sorption capacity, up to 2 orders of magnitude faster kinetics and the ability to regenerate up to 70–100% of their capacity while concentrating the initial solution concentration up to 12 times. The simple and versatile synthesis approach used to functionalize membranes, notably independent of the polymer type of the MF membrane, utilized pores throughout the entire cross section of the membrane to immobilize the polymers that contain the functional groups. Utilizing the pore volume of commercial membranes (6–112 mL/m2), the scientific weight capacity of the polymer (3.1–11.5 mequiv/g), and the synthesis conditions (e.g., monomer concentration), the theoretical adsorption/IX capacities per area of the membranes were calculated to be as high as 550 mequiv/m2, substantially higher than the 175 mequiv/m2 value needed to compete with commercially available IX resins. This work therefore shows that pore functionalized membranes are a promising path to tackle water contamination challenges, lowering separation diffusion limitations.

show abstract

Sludge-based biochar adsorbent: pore tuning mechanisms, challenges, and role in carbon sequestration

Mian,

Ao,

Deng

2023

Biochar

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Sludge biochar, a carbonized product of raw sludge, contains porous architectures that can act as epicenters for adsorbing external molecules through physical or chemical bonding. Sludge biochar also immobilizes innate micropollutants, which is advantageous over conventional sludge disposal methods. To date, numerous strategies have been discovered to improve sludge biochar morphology, but the influential factors, pore tuning mechanisms, and process feasibility remain imprecise. This knowledge gap limits our ability to design a robust sludge-based biochar. Herein, we present state-of-the-art sludge biochar synthesis methods with insight into structural and chemical transformation mechanisms. Roadblocks and novel concepts for improving sludge biochar porous architecture are highlighted. For the first time, sludge biochar properties, adsorption performances, and techno-economic perspectives were compared with commercial activated carbon (AC) to reveal the precise challenges in sludge biochar application. More importantly, sludge biochar role in carbon sequestration is detailed to demonstrate the environmental significance of this technology. Eventually, the review concludes with an overview of prospects and an outlook for developing sludge biochar-based research. Graphical Abstract

show abstract

Is adsorption onto activated carbon a feasible drinking water treatment option for persistent and mobile substances?

Cited by 15 publications

References 52 publications

Chitosan Hydrogels for Water Purification Applications

Chitosan Hydrogels for Water Purification Applications

Membrane Functionalization Approaches toward Per- and Polyfluoroalkyl Substances and Selected Metal Ion Separations

Sludge-based biochar adsorbent: pore tuning mechanisms, challenges, and role in carbon sequestration

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About