Is African histoplasmosis an opportunistic fungal infection in AIDS?

Carme, Bernard; N'Golet, A; Ebikili, B.; Ngaporo, A. Itoua

doi:10.1016/0035-9203(90)90292-m

Cited by 17 publications

(12 citation statements)

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“…Our online search for epidemiological reports focused on fungal infections in the RoC only retrieved a few studies conducted in AIDS patients in the 90 seconds 12‐14 . So, most of the estimates were inferred from Congolese population data and estimates from other countries.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Current burden of serious fungal infections in Republic of Congo

Amona

Denning

Moukassa

et al. 2020

Mycoses

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Background The Republic of Congo (RoC) is characterised by a high prevalence of tuberculosis and HIV/AIDS, which largely drive the epidemiology of serious fungal infections. Objective We aimed to estimate the current burden of serious fungal infections in RoC. Material and Methods Using local, regional or global data and estimates of population and at‐risk population groups, deterministic modelling was employed to estimate national incidence or prevalence of the most serious fungal infections. Results Our study revealed that about 5.4% of the Congolese population (283 450) suffer from serious fungal infections yearly. The incidence of cryptococcal meningitis, Pneumocystis jirovecii pneumonia and disseminated histoplasmosis in AIDS patients was estimated at 560, 830 and 120 cases per year. Oral and oesophageal candidiasis collectively affects 12 320 HIV‐infected patients. Chronic pulmonary aspergillosis, 67% post‐tuberculosis, probably has a prevalence of 3420. Fungal asthma (allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis and severe asthma with fungal sensitisation) probably has a prevalence of 3640 and 4800, although some overlap due to disease definition is likely. The estimated prevalence of recurrent vulvovaginal candidiasis and tinea capitis is 85 440 and 178 400 respectively. Mostly related to agricultural activity, fungal keratitis affects an estimated 700 Congolese yearly. Conclusion These data underline the urgent need for an intensified awareness towards Congolese physicians to fungal infections and for increased efforts to improve diagnosis and management of fungal infections in the RoC.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Several cases of histoplasmosis both attributable to the capsulatum variety and the duboisii variety of Histoplasma capsulatum have been reported in Congolese patients 12‐13,27‐32 . Nevertheless, no precise incidence could be calculated.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Current burden of serious fungal infections in Republic of Congo

Amona

Denning

Moukassa

et al. 2020

Mycoses

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“…For unknown reasons, although HIV infection and H. capsulatum var. duboisii coexist in Africa, this coinfection remains rare ( 5 ). We report 3 imported cases of the potentially emerging histoplasmosis due to H. capsulatum var.…”

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confidence: 99%

Literature Review and Case Histories ofHistoplasma capsulatumvar.duboisiiInfections in HIV-infected Patients

Loulergue

Bastides

Baudouin

et al. 2007

Emerg. Infect. Dis.

142

114

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“…The infection occurs more often in patients with a CD4 count <50 cells/mm 3 and is usually disseminated (Carme et al 1990). An extremely interesting study showed that the treatment of a patient with AIDS and disseminated histoplasmosis with a combined therapy of itraconazole and HIV peptidase inhibitors (atazanavir, 300 mg once daily, and ritonavir, 100 mg once daily) promoted an improvement in the desired urinary Histoplasma antigen level and plasma itraconazole concentration, leading to a mycological cure (Koo et al 2007).…”

Section: Histoplasma Capsulatummentioning

confidence: 98%

Aspartic Peptidase Inhibitors as Potential Bioactive Pharmacological Compounds Against Human Fungal Pathogens

Santos

2010

Combating Fungal Infections

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The development of novel antifungal drugs is becoming more demanding every day since existing drugs either have too many side-effects or they tend to lose effectiveness due to resistant fungal strains. In view of this, a number of new strategies to obstruct fungal biological processes have emerged; one of them is focused on peptidase inhibition. This particular class of hydrolytic enzymes cleaves peptide bond in proteinaceous substrates, a reaction extremely important in maintaining the physiology of all living cells. Interestingly, peptidases are also essential virulence factors for prokaryotic and eukaryote micro-organisms, including fungi, during all stages of the infection process. Consequently, peptidases are potential targets for the development of future antifungal drugs. This chapter will focus on the potential use of aspartic peptidase inhibitors against human fungal pathogens, showing the capability of these bioactive pharmacological compounds to arrest vital fungal processes such as growth, differentiation, nutrition, and interaction with host components.

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Is African histoplasmosis an opportunistic fungal infection in AIDS?

Cited by 17 publications

References 1 publication

Current burden of serious fungal infections in Republic of Congo

Current burden of serious fungal infections in Republic of Congo

Literature Review and Case Histories ofHistoplasma capsulatumvar.duboisiiInfections in HIV-infected Patients

Aspartic Peptidase Inhibitors as Potential Bioactive Pharmacological Compounds Against Human Fungal Pathogens

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