Is brood parasitism related to host nestling diet and nutrition?

Ladin, Zachary S.; D’Amico, Vincent; Jaisi, Deb P.; Shriver, W. Gregory

doi:10.1642/auk-15-11.1

Cited by 10 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 104 publications

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“…This relationship has also been noted with forest birds in similar habitats (Tymkiw et al, 2013). (Ladin, D'Amico, Jaisi, & Shriver, 2015;Narango, Tallamy, & Marra, 2018;Ramsay & Houston, 2003). The patchy distribution and growth habit of M. vimineum populations create disparate and highly localized areas of prey subsidization for spiders, ultimately resulting in diverse and abundant predator communities.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 54%

“…Spiders constitute a significant, proteinaceous component of the diet of araneophagic predators such as nesting birds. Invaded habitats may contain a greater abundance of spiders and thus more available food for forest birds; however, changes to the available spider species and nutritional quality of individual spiders may affect fecundity and development of young for birds (Ladin, D'Amico, Jaisi, & Shriver, 2015; Narango, Tallamy, & Marra, 2018; Ramsay & Houston, 2003). The patchy distribution and growth habit of M. vimineum populations create disparate and highly localized areas of prey subsidization for spiders, ultimately resulting in diverse and abundant predator communities.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Invasive grass (Microstegium vimineum) indirectly benefits spider community by subsidizing available prey

Landsman

Burghardt

Bowman

2020

Ecology and Evolution

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Invasive plant species cause a suite of direct, negative ecological impacts, but subsequent, indirect effects are more complex and difficult to detect. Where identified, indirect effects to other taxa can be wide‐ranging and include ecological benefits in certain habitats or locations. Here, we simultaneously examine the direct and indirect effects of a common, invasive grass species ( Microstegium vimineum ) on the invertebrate communities of understory deciduous forests in the eastern United States. To do this, we use two complementary analytic approaches to compare invaded and reference plots: (a) community composition analysis of understory arthropod taxa and (b) analysis of isotopic carbon and nitrogen ratios of a representative predatory spider species. Invaded plots contained a significantly greater abundance of nearly all taxa, including predators, herbivores, and detritivores. Spider communities contained over seven times more individuals and exhibited greater species diversity and richness in invaded plots. Surprisingly, however, the abundant invertebrate community is not nutritionally supported by the invasive plant, despite 100% ground cover of M. vimineum . Instead, spider isotopic carbon ratios showed that the invertebrate prey community found within invaded plots was deriving energy from the plant tissue of C 3 plants and not the prevalent, aboveground M. vimineum . Synthesis and applications . We demonstrate that invasive M. vimineum can create non‐nutritional ecological benefits for some invertebrate taxa, with potential impacts to the nutritional dynamics of invertebrate–vertebrate food webs. These positive impacts, however, may be restricted to habitats that experience high levels of ungulate herbivory or reduced vegetative structural complexity. Our results highlight the importance of fully understanding taxon‐ and habitat‐specific effects of invading plant species when prioritizing invasive species removal or management efforts.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 54%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Invasive grass (Microstegium vimineum) indirectly benefits spider community by subsidizing available prey

Landsman

Burghardt

Bowman

2020

Ecology and Evolution

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“…For instance, Ladin et al. () determined that Wood Thrush nestling diet and nutrition is related to cowbird parasitism, which may potentially lead to negative effects for nestling development and subsequently juvenile survival and recruitment. Indeed, patterns in negative correlations that we found are likely also due to larger‐scale processes related to annual survivorship such as loss of wintering, breeding, and migratory stopover habitat.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Long‐term dynamics in local host–parasite interactions linked to regional population trends

et al. 2016

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Abstract. Temporal changes in the relative abundances of host-parasite populations can influence the magnitude of the effects of corresponding interspecific interactions. When parasite populations are at relatively low abundance, the negative effects on host populations may be insignificant, but when parasite abundance increases beyond critical thresholds, they can have population limiting effects on the host. Here, we used data from a 40-yr demographic study on breeding Wood Thrushes (Hylocichla mustelina) and avian brood parasitic Brown-headed Cowbirds (Molothrus ater) in the mid-Atlantic United States to disentangle host-parasite interactions. The relative abundance for these two species has changed both locally and regionally over this time period with a reduction in host abundance coincident with an increase in the parasite population. We detected a fivefold increase in Brown-headed Cowbird parasitism rates of Wood Thrushes over the 40-yr time period leading to a reduction in Wood Thrush fitness (i.e., adult survival, fecundity, and recruitment). After accounting for the effects of Wood Thrush age, individual, and annual and within-season variation in reproduction, we found that Wood Thrushes exhibited increased reproductive effort (produced more nests per year) as nest parasitism rates increased. Additionally, we found that as parasitism rates increased, both Wood Thrush clutch size and fecundity declined. In conjunction with widespread habitat loss and land use change on both wintering and breeding ranges, increasing rates of Brown-headed Cowbird parasitism are reducing Wood Thrush fitness, and are likely contributing to observed regional Wood Thrush population declines. Coordinated local and regional efforts to reduce Brown-headed Cowbird populations, particularly in fragmented landscapes, may help reduce the decline for Wood Thrushes, and likely other parasitized Neotropical migratory species.

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“…Nitrogen (N) concentrations (%) and δ 15 N values (‰) were measured using an Elemental Combustion System (ECS) 4010 CHNSO analyzer, Costech Analytical (Costech Valencia, CA, USA) connected to a Thermo Delta V spectrometer (Thermo, Bremen, Germany) interfaced with an elemental analyzer. Two USGS standards (external) and one secondary standard (acetanilide, internal) were used, with precision less than 0.02‰ [ 51 ]. The natural abundance stable isotope values were expressed relative to the international standard (atmospheric N 2 ) in the conventional δ-notation [ 51 ]: …”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Two USGS standards (external) and one secondary standard (acetanilide, internal) were used, with precision less than 0.02‰ [ 51 ]. The natural abundance stable isotope values were expressed relative to the international standard (atmospheric N 2 ) in the conventional δ-notation [ 51 ]: …”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Red maple (Acer rubrum L.) trees demonstrate acclimation to urban conditions in deciduous forests embedded in cities

et al. 2020

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The impacts of urbanization, such as urban heat island (UHI) and nutrient loads, can influence tree function through altered physiology and metabolism and stress response, which has implications for urban forest health in cities across the world. Our goal was to compare growth-stimulating and stress-mitigating acclimation patterns of red maple (Acer rubrum) trees in deciduous forests embedded in a small (Newark, DE, US) and a large (Philadelphia, PA, US) city. The study was conducted in a long-term urban forest network on seventy-nine mature red maple trees spanning ten forests across Newark and Philadelphia. We hypothesized that red maples in Philadelphia forests compared to Newark forests will be healthier and more acclimated to warmer temperatures, elevated CO 2 concentrations and reactive nitrogen (N r) deposition, and higher nutrient/heavy metal loads. Therefore, these red maples will have higher foliar pigments, nutrients, and stress-indicating elements, enriched δ 15 N isotopes and increased free polyamines and amino acids to support a growth-stimulating and stress-induced response to urbanization. Our results indicate red maples are potentially growth-stimulated and stress-acclimated in Philadelphia forests experiencing a greater magnitude of urban intensity. Red maples in Philadelphia forests contained higher concentrations of foliar chlorophyll, %N, δ 15 N, and nutrients than those in Newark forests. Similarly, lower foliar magnesium and manganese, and higher foliar zinc, cadmium, lead, and aluminum reflected the difference in soil biogeochemistry in Philadelphia forests. Accumulation patterns of foliar free amino acids, polyamines, phosphorous, and potassium ions in red maples in Philadelphia forests shows a reallocation in cellular metabolism and nutrient uptake pathways responsible for physiological acclimation. Our results suggest the approach used here can serve as a model for investigating 'plant physiology' and the use of urban trees as a biomonitor of the impacts of 'urban pollution' on urban forests. The results suggest that cellular oxidative stress in trees caused by pollutant uptake is mitigated by the accumulation of free amino acids, polyamines, and nutrients in a larger city. Our study provides a framework for determining whether trees respond to complex urban environments through stress memory and/or acclimation.

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Is brood parasitism related to host nestling diet and nutrition?

Cited by 10 publications

References 104 publications

Invasive grass (Microstegium vimineum) indirectly benefits spider community by subsidizing available prey

Invasive grass (Microstegium vimineum) indirectly benefits spider community by subsidizing available prey

Long‐term dynamics in local host–parasite interactions linked to regional population trends

Red maple (Acer rubrum L.) trees demonstrate acclimation to urban conditions in deciduous forests embedded in cities

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