Is Campanula glomerata Threatened by Competition of Expanding Grasses?

Bachmann, U.; Hensen, Isabell; Partzsch, Monika

doi:10.1007/s11258-005-3788-0

Cited by 14 publications

(27 citation statements)

References 40 publications

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“…In contact with P. angustifolia, C. glomerata clearly experienced competition, which increased with density of the grass species in the mixture. These results are clearly in line with those of Bachmann et al (2005) in the first year performance of our study species. On the other hand, C. glomerata became facilitated in contact with F. rupicola in some years and competed in other years.…”

Section: Performance Of the Plant-plant Interactionssupporting

confidence: 92%

“…In order to evaluate effects of plant-plant interactions, we set up a competition experiment (replacement design, following De Wit 1960) between the aforementioned grass species and the rare and declining forb Campanula glomerata in 2002. Results of first-year performance (Bachmann et al 2005) demonstrated that responses of C. glomerata to the presence of grass species were species specific. In general, C. glomerata was facilitated by F. rupicola and outcompeted by P. angustifolia.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Is Campanula glomerata threatened by competition from expanding grasses? Results from a 5-year pot-experiment

Partzsch

Bachmann

2010

Plant Ecol

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The disappearance of low-intensity types of agricultural land use such as mowing and grazing is a global phenomenon which leads to changes in species composition and interactions in plant communities. In central Germany, formerly species-rich, semi-natural dry grasslands have been converted into species-poor communities dominated by Festuca rupicola or Poa angustifolia. As a consequence, several forbs have become endangered, and biodiversity has decreased. In a 5-year competition experiment (replacement design; pots were placed outdoors at Halle Botanical Garden), we evaluated the performance of plant-plant interactions between the rare forb Campanula glomerata, F. rupicola and P. angustifolia, respectively. The response of C. glomerata to the presence of the two grass species were measured by stem length, number of flowers and above-ground biomass annually harvested. We did not find significant differences in C. glomerata stem lengths between years and treatments, but flower production, which was highest in the first year, strongly decreased in the subsequent years. Moreover, flower production was lower in combination with P. angustifolia than with F. rupicola. Biomass production showed significant differences between years, but not between treatments. The positive and negative interactions between C. glomerata and the two grass species was estimated by calculating Relative Neighbour Effect Index (RNE). In combination with F. rupicola, interactions switched between facilitation and competition from year to year. In the presence of P. angustifolia, competitive effects on C. glomerata were highest in the second year, but declined from year to year. Curiously, there were no significant correlations between positive and negative interactions with climatic conditions (annual temperature, precipitation and relative air humidity). Our results showed that the response of the rare forb C. glomerata varies with neighbour species, and that fecundity is more prominently affected by competition than stem height or biomass. Our data indicate that biomass removal by traditional land use methods would facilitate the restoration of species-rich dry grassland communities.

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Section: Performance Of the Plant-plant Interactionssupporting

confidence: 92%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Is Campanula glomerata threatened by competition from expanding grasses? Results from a 5-year pot-experiment

Partzsch

Bachmann

2010

Plant Ecol

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“…The encroachment of shrubs (e.g. Prunus spinosa, also noted in the phytocoenoses studied) is considered as the main factor for the decline in many herbaceous plant populations in communities from the Festuco-Brometea class [27,28]. The decrease in the abundance of flowering, combined with the effect of patch overgrowing, may also be influenced by fluctuations in environmental conditions, e.g.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Flowering, pollen characteristics and insect foraging on Campanula bononiensis (Campanulaceae), a protected species in Poland

et al. 2014

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A b s t r a c tThis study investigated the floral biology and pollen quantity and quality of Campanula bononiensis L. (Campanulaceae), a protected species in Poland. Observations and measurements were made during the years 2007-2009 in natural phytocoenoses from the Festuco-Brometea class situated within the Lublin area, SE Poland. A considerable decrease (approx. 87%) in population density was observed. Significant variations both in the amount of pollen (18.5%-34.8 % of pollen in the total anther dry weight, i.e. 0.5-1.5 mg per 10 anthers) and in pollen viability (38.8-97.0%) were noted. Both a low amount of pollen and low pollen viability may reduce the reproductive success of individuals. The most frequent visiting insects were bees (Apoidea), including solitary bees 45.7%, honeybees 20.4%, and bumblebees 11.4%. Dipterans, coleopterans (weevils), lepidopterans and ants were also recorded, implying a strong impact of C. bononiensis on insect biodiversity within grasslands.

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“…i) To explore the interaction among individual plants in the planting system, Relative Neighbor Effect (RNE) analysis was used based on equation from Markham and Chanway (1996) in Bachmann et al (2005), Oksanen et al (2006). RNE was calculated based on the sum of branches per plant and weight of kernel per plant per year, as follows:…”

Section: Nutmeg Plant Characteristicsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Relatioship between Plant Density and Microclimate and Nutmeg (Myristica fragrans Houtt) Production in Nutmeg and Coconut Mixed-Planting System in Wakatobi District in Indonesia

Sutariati¹,

Guritno²,

Syekhfani³

et al. 2015

JAS

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In Wakatobi district nutmeg trees are generally cultivated in mixed planting with coconut. The research employed observation method where sample plants were determined purposively based on intersection of nutmeg and coconut tree crowns; 42 plots of pairs of nearest neighboring plants. In each plot of pair of plants, plant density of nutmeg and coconut was calculated (individually and in total), then microclimate components (solar radiation, temperature and relative humidity) and nutmeg plant characteristics (vegetative and prodution components) were measured. Research results showed that plant density of nutmeg (218 plants ha -1 ) had exceeded its optimum number of population, plant density of coconut 144 plants ha -1 with relative density ratio of 58:42% or nutmeg was more dominant than coconut. Transmitted radiation and temperature below the crown was decreasing, and in contrast, intercepted radiation and relative humidity increased in line with the increased plant density of nutmeg. This condition led to the decrease in sum of fruits, weight of mace, and weight of kernel of individual nutmeg tree. Coconut plant density had non-significant correlation and non-significantly contributed to microclimate and production components of nutmeg. This indicated that the tendency for decreased production of nutmeg is less affected by coconut trees, but more because of shading effect of nutmeg trees due to close distance among them. In other word, there occured intraspecific competition (nutmeg and nutmeg), and not interspecific (nutmeg and coconut). Therefore, coconut can be cultivated in mixed planting with nutmeg through appropriate plant spacing.

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Is Campanula glomerata Threatened by Competition of Expanding Grasses?

Cited by 14 publications

References 40 publications

Is Campanula glomerata threatened by competition from expanding grasses? Results from a 5-year pot-experiment

Is Campanula glomerata threatened by competition from expanding grasses? Results from a 5-year pot-experiment

Flowering, pollen characteristics and insect foraging on Campanula bononiensis (Campanulaceae), a protected species in Poland

The Relatioship between Plant Density and Microclimate and Nutmeg (Myristica fragrans Houtt) Production in Nutmeg and Coconut Mixed-Planting System in Wakatobi District in Indonesia

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