Is Consumption of Breakfast Associated with Body Mass Index in US Adults?

Song, Won O.; Chun, Ock K.; Obayashi, Saori; Cho, Susan; Chung, Chin Eun

doi:10.1016/j.jada.2005.06.002

Cited by 225 publications

(248 citation statements)

References 37 publications

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“…Further, the definition of breakfast consumption was as selfreported by the participants in the study; therefore, it may have varied between them. Yet, this definition is consistent with that used in previous NHANES studies (8)(9)(10)(11) . A misclassification bias may also have potentially resulted if the OB consumers from the present study consumed only a cup of coffee for breakfast, since their energy/ nutrient intakes and metabolism could be different from their OB-consuming counterparts or could be even similar to the BS.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 80%

“…Additionally, the use of a single 24 h dietary recall to assess breakfast skipping or breakfast consumption did not permit the assessment of the regular breakfast consumption habits of the population. Nevertheless, a single 24 h dietary recall does produce reasonably robust group estimates of dietary intakes (56) and has previously been used to estimate daily breakfast consumption habits in large data sets such as the NHANES (8)(9)(10)(11) . Also, many times with self-reported dietary assessment techniques such as the 24 h dietary recall, individuals tend to under-report energy intake, especially women and those who are older, overweight or trying to lose weight (57) .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Previous NHANES studies have shown that compared with breakfast skipping, eating breakfast was associated with a lower BMI in adults (10) , especially in women (9,11) . Additionally, breakfast consumption was found to be inversely associated with the risk of 5 kg weight gain in a cohort of US men (12) .…”

mentioning

confidence: 97%

“…A logical extension of previous research would be to further pinpoint the cardiometabolic health benefits of consuming an RTEC at breakfast by comparing anthropometric, other cardiometabolic and MetS risk factors among RTEC consumers, BS and OB consumers. Yet there is a paucity of nationally representative data comparing such issues by type of breakfast consumption in the USA, especially in the nutritionally vulnerable (1,2,(7)(8)(9) young adult population. The objective of the present study was to examine the association of breakfast skipping and type of breakfast consumed (i.e.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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The relationship of breakfast skipping and type of breakfast consumed with overweight/obesity, abdominal obesity, other cardiometabolic risk factors and the metabolic syndrome in young adults. The National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES): 1999–2006

Deshmukh-Taskar

Nicklas

Radcliffe

et al. 2012

Public Health Nutr.

178

154

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ObjectiveTo examine the association between breakfast skipping and type of breakfast consumed with overweight/obesity, abdominal obesity, other cardiometabolic risk factors and the metabolic syndrome (MetS).DesignCross-sectional. Three breakfast groups were identified, breakfast skippers (BS), ready-to-eat-cereal (RTEC) consumers and other breakfast (OB) consumers, using a 24 h dietary recall. Risk factors were compared between the breakfast groups using covariate-adjusted statistical procedures.SettingThe 1999–2006 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, USA.SubjectsYoung adults (20–39 years of age).ResultsAmong these young adults (n 5316), 23·8 % were BS, 16·5 % were RTEC consumers and 59·7 % were OB consumers. Relative to the BS, the RTEC consumers were 31 %, 39 %, 37 %, 28 %, 23 %, 40 % and 42 % less likely to be overweight/obese or have abdominal obesity, elevated blood pressure, elevated serum total cholesterol, elevated serum LDL-cholesterol, reduced serum HDL-cholesterol or elevated serum insulin, respectively. Relative to the OB consumers, the BS were 1·24, 1·26 and 1·44 times more likely to have elevated serum total cholesterol, elevated serum LDL-cholesterol or reduced serum HDL-cholesterol, respectively. Relative to the OB consumers, the RTEC consumers were 22 %, 31 % and 24 % less likely to be overweight/obese or have abdominal obesity or elevated blood pressure, respectively. No difference was seen in the prevalence of the MetS by breakfast skipping or type of breakfast consumed.ConclusionsResults suggest that consumption of breakfast, especially that included an RTEC, was associated with an improved cardiometabolic risk profile in US young adults. Additional studies are needed to determine the nature of these relationships.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 80%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 97%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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The relationship of breakfast skipping and type of breakfast consumed with overweight/obesity, abdominal obesity, other cardiometabolic risk factors and the metabolic syndrome in young adults. The National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES): 1999–2006

Deshmukh-Taskar

Nicklas

Radcliffe

et al. 2012

Public Health Nutr.

178

154

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“…Some cross-sectional (5)(6)(7)(8) and a few longitudinal (9,10) studies have addressed the association between BMI and lifestyle factors. Among them, breakfast consumption habits have been shown to be strongly related to overweight and obesity (6,(11)(12)(13) . In addition, persons who consume lowenergy breakfast or no breakfast at all have been shown to have higher cholesterol levels, and this applies to both adults and children (14) .…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Breakfast skipping and its relation to BMI and health-compromising behaviours among Greek adolescents

Kapantais

Chala

Kaklamanou

et al. 2010

Public Health Nutr.

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Objective: The increasing prevalence of obesity worldwide is a major health concern. Our study, which is part of the First National Epidemiological Study of Obesity in Greece, aimed to assess (i) breakfast habits and their relationship to BMI in Greek adolescents, as well as (ii) breakfast skipping in relation to other health behaviours. Design: Epidemiological survey throughout Greece. Participants completed a questionnaire concerning breakfast habits and many lifestyle parameters. Setting: The survey was conducted in schools throughout Greece. Subjects: Anthropometric measurements were performed on 6500 boys and 7778 girls, aged 13-19 years, from schools throughout Greece. Results: Among both boys and girls, breakfast consumers had a lower BMI than breakfast skippers. Moreover, breakfast skippers among both boys and girls were found to smoke more than breakfast consumers. The proportion of boys and girls who ate breakfast was found to be greater among those who had never been on a diet than among those who had already experienced dieting. Leisure-time activity was greater in breakfast consumers than breakfast skippers; among boys, 71?8 % of breakfast consumers walked compared with 66?4 % of breakfast skippers, whereas 38?4 % and 35?0 %, respectively, exercised. Among girls, these percentages were 73?1 % v. 68?7 % for walking and 36?7 % v. 31?5 % for exercising. Conclusions: We found that breakfast skipping can be part of a constellation of several unhealthy lifestyle parameters and is related to higher BMI in Greek adolescents.

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Treatment Options: The Evidence for What Works

Pearson¹,

Grace²

2012

Weight Management

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Is Consumption of Breakfast Associated with Body Mass Index in US Adults?

Cited by 225 publications

References 37 publications

The relationship of breakfast skipping and type of breakfast consumed with overweight/obesity, abdominal obesity, other cardiometabolic risk factors and the metabolic syndrome in young adults. The National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES): 1999–2006

The relationship of breakfast skipping and type of breakfast consumed with overweight/obesity, abdominal obesity, other cardiometabolic risk factors and the metabolic syndrome in young adults. The National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES): 1999–2006

Breakfast skipping and its relation to BMI and health-compromising behaviours among Greek adolescents

Treatment Options: The Evidence for What Works

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