Is Crop Residue Removal to Reduce N2O Emissions Driven by Quality or Quantity? A Field Study and Meta-Analysis

Essich, Lisa; Nkebiwe, Peteh Mehdi; Schneider, M.; Ruser, Reiner

doi:10.3390/agriculture10110546

Cited by 16 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 79 publications

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“…This may be because the N 2 O mitigation potential of these practices is highly context-dependent. Crop residue removal may only reduce N 2 O emissions when the residues are immature and have a low C/N ratio (Chen et al 2013, Essich et al 2020, Abalos et al 2022; rainfall distribution determines the efficacy of split fertilizer application (Abalos et al 2017, Song et al 2022; lime-induced N 2 O abatement may only occur when the soil pH is below a critical value, defined by the liming material and application rate (Wang et al 2021). Better matching of crop N need and N supply through optimization of fertilizer rate offers significant opportunities for N 2 O emission reductions (Davidson and Kanter 2014), and it can be combined with technology-driven solutions and agroecological practices.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Synthesizing the evidence of nitrous oxide mitigation practices in agroecosystems

Grados

Butterbach‐Bahl

Chen

et al. 2022

Environ. Res. Lett.

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Nitrous oxide (N2O) emissions from agricultural soils are the main source of atmospheric N2O, a potent greenhouse gas, and key ozone-depleting substance. Several agricultural practices with potential to mitigate N2O emissions have been tested worldwide. However, to guide policymaking for reducing N2O emissions from agricultural soils, it is necessary to better understand the overall performance and variability of mitigation practices and identify those requiring further investigation. We performed a systematic review and a second-order meta-analysis to assess the abatement efficiency of N2O mitigation practices from agricultural soils. We used 27 meta-analyses including 41 effect sizes based on 1119 primary studies. Technology-driven solutions (e.g., enhanced-efficiency fertilizers, drip irrigation, and biochar) and optimization of fertilizer rate have considerable mitigation potential. Agroecological mitigation practices (e.g., organic fertilizer and reduced tillage), while potentially contributing to soil quality and carbon storage, may enhance N2O emissions and only lead to reductions under certain pedoclimatic and farming conditions. Other mitigation practices (e.g., lime amendment or crop residue removal) led to marginal N2O decreases. Despite the variable mitigation potential, evidencing the context-dependency of N2O reductions and tradeoffs, several mitigation practices may maintain or increase crop production, representing relevant alternatives for policymaking to reduce greenhouse gas emissions and safeguard food security.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Synthesizing the evidence of nitrous oxide mitigation practices in agroecosystems

Grados

Butterbach‐Bahl

Chen

et al. 2022

Environ. Res. Lett.

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“…See also TableS8. [a]:[174]; [b][175]; [c]:[176]; [d]:[177]; [e]:[178]; [f]:[22]; [g]:[179]; [h]:[172]; [i]:[180]; [j]:[181]; [k]:[182]; [l]:[183]; [m]:[97]; [n]:[184]; [o]:[185]; [p]:[173]; [q]:[186]; [r]:[187]; [s]:[188].…”

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confidence: 99%

A Review of Crop Husbandry and Soil Management Practices Using Meta-Analysis Studies: Towards Soil-Improving Cropping Systems

Rietra

Heinen

Oenema

2022

Land

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Coherent improvements in crop varieties and crop husbandry and soil management practices are needed to increase global crop production in a sustainable manner. However, these practices are often discussed separately, and as a result there is little overview. Here, we present a database and synthesis of 154 meta-analysis studies related to ten main crop husbandry and soil management practices, including crop type and rotations, tillage, drainage, nutrient management, irrigation and fertigation, weed management, pest management, crop residue management, mechanization and technology, and landscape management. Most meta-analysis studies were related to tillage (55), followed by crop type and rotations (32), nutrient management (25), crop residue management (19), and irrigation and fertigation (18). Few studies were related to landscape management (6) and mechanization and technology (2). In terms of outcome, studies focused on crop yield and quality (81), soil quality (73), and environmental impacts (56), and little on economic effects (7) or resource use efficiency (24). Reported effects of alternative practices, relative to conventional practice, were positive in general. Effect sizes were relatively large for environmental effects (nutrient leaching, greenhouse gas emissions), and small for soil quality (except for soil life) and crop yield. Together, meta-analysis studies indicate that there is large scope for increasing cropland productivity and minimizing environmental impacts. A roadmap is provided for integration and optimization of all ten practices, and recommendations are formulated to address the gaps in meta-analysis studies.

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“…Even after the cultivation of similar crops (cauliflower, broccoli) at the same site, with a similar crop residues management, the emission factor for N 2 O varied between 1.3% and 7.7% of the applied crop residues N [86,87]. Most of this variation is due to the actual soil moisture content, as well as the N and C fractions in the soil [88][89][90]. However, differences due to tillage practice seemed to be insignificant following the incorporation of cauliflower or lettuce crop residues into sandy soils [73,91].…”

Section: Effects Of the Tillage Season On Potential N Lossesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Crop Residue Management Strategies to Reduce Nitrogen Losses during the Winter Leaching Period after Autumn Spinach Harvest

et al. 2022

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In open-field vegetable production, high quantities of soil mineral nitrogen (Nmin) and N-rich crop residues often remain in the field at harvest. After the harvest of crops in autumn, this N can lead to considerable nitrate (NO3−) losses during the subsequent winter leaching period. In four field trials, different tillage depths (3–4, 10, 30 cm) and dates (early autumn, late autumn, early spring) were investigated to reduce N losses after growing spinach in the autumn. In a further treatment, the nitrification inhibitor 3,4-Dimethylpyrazole phosphate (DMPP) was directly applied to the crop residues. Potential N losses were calculated by a balance sheet approach based on Nmin concentration (0–90 cm), measured N mineralization and N uptake by catch crops. By postponing the tillage date from early to late autumn or spring, resprouting spinach stubbles acted as a catch crop, reducing N losses by up to 61 kg ha−1. However, if the spinach biomass collapsed, the N losses increased by up to 33 kg ha−1 even without tillage. The application of DMPP as well as the tillage depth were less effective. Overall, postponing tillage to spring seems to be the most promising approach for reducing N losses during the off-season.

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Is Crop Residue Removal to Reduce N2O Emissions Driven by Quality or Quantity? A Field Study and Meta-Analysis

Cited by 16 publications

References 79 publications

Synthesizing the evidence of nitrous oxide mitigation practices in agroecosystems

Synthesizing the evidence of nitrous oxide mitigation practices in agroecosystems

A Review of Crop Husbandry and Soil Management Practices Using Meta-Analysis Studies: Towards Soil-Improving Cropping Systems

Crop Residue Management Strategies to Reduce Nitrogen Losses during the Winter Leaching Period after Autumn Spinach Harvest

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