Is Curable Lung Cancer Detected by Semiannual Screening?

Computed Tomography Screening for Lung Cancer

“…[9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16] For example, the Mayo Lung Project included 10 933 men who were aged 45 years or older and smoked more than 1 pack of cigarettes daily who were randomized to 1 of 2 study groups. 10,11 The control group was assigned to yearly chest radiograph and sputum cytology, which was the standard of care at that time.…”

Lung Cancer: Early Diagnosis and Screening

“…Some early studies of lung cancer screening with chest radiography and sputum cytology showed initial promise in that greater numbers of patients with lung cancer were detected in the screening arm and survival appeared to be better [16][17][18][19][20][21][22]. However, these findings were found by randomised controlled trials, to be largely explained by overdiagnosis, lead time and length time bias.…”

Protocolos de rastreamento para o diagnóstico precoce do câncer de pulmão: passado, presente e futuro

“…O Philadelphia Pulmonary Neoplasm Research Project (PPNRP) (21)(22)(23) e o Veterans Administration Trial (VAT) (24) não conseguiram demonstrar qualquer benefício do rastreamento, enquanto o TMGS (Tokyo Metropolitan Government Study) (25) e o SLLCS (South London Lung Cancer Study) (26) sugeriram alguma melhora na taxa de sobrevida, mas a mortalidade específica não foi adequadamente avaliada. Os resultados desanimadores no PPNRP (21)(22)(23) e no VAT (24) devem-se, pelo menos em parte, à idade avançada da população estudada, ao grande número de co-morbidades, menor potencial de ressecabilidade e maior mortalidade perioperatória (30) (Tabela 1).…”

“…PERSPECTIVA HISTÓRICA Dez estudos prospectivos, utilizando controles radiológi-cos periódicos, com ou sem exame citopatológico do escarro, foram conduzidos entre 1951 e 1975 (21)(22)(23)(24)(25)(26)(27)(28)(29) . Exceto no Tokyo Metropolitan Government Study (TMGS) (25) , foram incluídos apenas indivíduos do sexo masculino.…”