Is developmental rate polymorphism constant? Influence of temperature on the occurrence and constancy of slow and fast development in Zygogramma bicolorata Pallister (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae)

Afaq, Uzma; Kumar, Gyanendra; Omkar,

doi:10.1016/j.jtherbio.2021.103043

Cited by 4 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 39 publications

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“…Previous studies indicated a similar ratio of slow and fast developers in coccinellids, P. dissecta and M. sexmaculatus (Singh et al ., 2016), and Chrysomelidae, Z. bicolorata Pallister (Afaq et al ., 2021) on standard and variable abiotic conditions. Our study reveals a maximum number of selected slow developers on scarce diets and selected fast developers on abundant diets in both F 1 and F 15 generations.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This variation in development rate within an egg batch is termed developmental rate polymorphism (DRP) and has been a source of fascination for researchers. The existence of DRP under optimal conditions in an aphidophagous ladybirds, Menochilus sexmaculatus (Fabricius) (Singh et al ., 2016) and Propylea dissecta (Mulsant) (Siddiqui et al ., 2017) and Parthenium beetle, Zygogramma bicolorata (Pallister) (Pandey et al ., 2013; Afaq et al ., 2021) reveals its genetic regulation under the influence of abiotic factors on developmental variants but biotic factors are still unexplored, especially to relative prey abundance on selected lines. The differential developmental rates under differing conditions exist commonly but the existence of two rates of development in a cohort under each environmental condition is still a mystery.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In ladybirds, developmental variants (slow and fast developers) are found in each cohort (Singh et al, 2016), and are governed by genetic factors (Bailey and Bataillon, 2016). The development is species-specific and strongly dependent on the ambient temperature (Afaq et al, 2021), photoperiod (Bono et al, 2017), population density (Ungerová et al, 2010), and quality and quantity of food (Singh et al, 2016). However, the ability of a predator to survive, develop, and reproduce in prey-scarce conditions is the most important aspect that determines the fitness of their own immature stages during development (Singh et al, 2016) and its biocontrol potential (Siddiqui et al, 2015(Siddiqui et al, , 2017.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Allocation of food resource by experimentally evolved lines of developmental variants of Propylea dissecta: a food exploitation strategy

Siddiqui

Omkar²,

Mishra³

2022

Bull. Entomol. Res.

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The effects of selection on developmental variants have not yet been rigorously investigated on variable prey quantities. We investigated the food exploitation strategy of first (F1) and fifteenth (F15) generation slow and fast developers of Propylea dissecta (Mulsant) in the presence of scarce and abundant quantities of pea aphid, Acyrthosiphon pisum (Harris), and its effect on adult body mass and reproductive attributes. Both selected slow developers and selected fast developers were higher in number than their counter unselected generation on scarce and abundant diets, respectively. Immature survivals of selected slow developers were depressed after the selection process while it was enhanced for selected fast developers on both diet regimes. On both diets, the total developmental duration was longer for selected slow developers and shorter for selected fast developers. Fecundity and percent egg viability were greater in selected fast developers with plentiful prey supply and lower in control slow developers with inadequate prey supply. More adult body mass was found for pre-selected slow developers than selected slow developers on a scarce diet but selected fast developers enhanced their body weight than unselected individuals of fast developers on an abundant diet. The present experimental evolution findings point to the presence and persistence of developmental variations with variability in their developmental and reproductive traits on allocating scarce and abundant prey supplies.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Allocation of food resource by experimentally evolved lines of developmental variants of Propylea dissecta: a food exploitation strategy

Siddiqui

Omkar²,

Mishra³

2022

Bull. Entomol. Res.

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“…The larvae with slower developmental rates are called slow developers, whereas the larvae that develop more quickly are called fast developers (Afaq et al 2021). The influence of temperature on developmental-rate polymorphism, with slower-developing individuals, found at lower thermal regimes, and these individuals have higher reproductive potential than the fast developers (Afaq et al 2021). Omkar et al (2013b) reported the effect of photoperiod in all levels of biological organisation in Z. bicolorata: the insect was found to have the lowest amount of mortality and greatest generation survival rate during times of the year with long days, followed by equinox, short days, and continuous light, whereas greatest mortality and lowest generation survival rate were recorded for periods of the year with continuous darkness (Omkar et al 2013b).…”

Section: Demographic Attributes Under Different Biotic and Abiotic St...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Zygogramma bicolorata (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae): an exotic biocontrol agent of the noxious weed, Parthenium hysterophorus (Asteraceae)

Afaq,

Kumar,

Siddiqui

et al. 2024

Can Entomol

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Parthenium hysterophorus Linnaeus (Asteraceae), commonly known as “congress grass,” is among the 10 worst weeds of India and is considered one of the world’s 100 most harmful invasive species. This species has been introduced accidentally into several countries, including India, and is a major agricultural and rangeland weed in more than 45 countries. It affects crop production, suppressing biodiversity, crop yields, the health of farm animals and human beings, and local and regional economies. Biological control has been found to be a cost-effective management strategy to control the weed, with the leaf beetle, Zygogramma bicolorata Pallister (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae), considered an effective and safe biocontrol agent. Several studies have investigated the beetle’s biology, reproduction, and other life attributes. This review compiles the existing information about Z. bicolorata biology, growth, development, reproduction, food, and host specificity, and the effects of abiotic and biotic stressors on the insect’s life attributes. We anticipate that this review will helpful for improving strategies for this bioagent’s swift mass rearing and for developing classical biological control design for Parthenium weed.

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“…Phoxim showed a weak positive temperature effect after 4 h pre-exposure treatment at 35˚C, although it has been showed to have a non-effect temperature effect on A. lucorum. Insects are thermotropic organisms, as changes in external environmental temperatures would directly cause changes in their body temperatures and metabolic rates [15]. High temperatures affect the water retention system of insects by making cells lose water more easily, causing changes to the microenvironment of cuticles, and making them more susceptible to insecticide adversity [16,17].…”

Section: Plos Onementioning

confidence: 99%

Influence of pre-exposure time on the toxicities of different temperature effect insecticides to Apolygus lucorum (Hemiptera: Miridae)

Dou

Yan

et al. 2022

PLoS ONE

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Temperature can have influences on the toxicities and efficacies of insecticides. Therefore, it is important to accurately evaluate the temperature effect (TE) on the toxicities of insecticides to insects. Previous studies have shown that the pre-exposure of insects to temperatures before their contact with insecticides, caused variations in their toxicities. However, most of these studies focused on the TE of the insecticides post-treatment. In this study we hypothesized that pre-exposure time of insect at different temperature can influence the toxicities of insecticides. We then evaluated the influence of different pre-exposure time (0, 2, 4, 8, 12 and 24 h) on toxicities of three different temperature effect insecticides (TEIs) to Apolygus lucorum at 15, 25 and 35°C respectively. We found that all toxicities of three TEIs to A. lucorum did not vary with pre-exposure time at 25°C. The LC50 of hexaflumuron (positive TEI) only decreased (from 1800.06 to 237.40 mg/L) at 15°C, with an increase in the pre-exposure time. Whereas the LC50 of β-cypermethrin (negative TEI) decreased from 225.43 to 60.79 mg/L at 35°C. These results also showed that the temperature coefficients (TCs) of the toxicities were influenced by pre-exposure time at different temperatures. For hexaflumuron, all the TCs at 25°C and 35°C decreased, as the pre-exposure time increased. For β-cypermethrin, the TCs decreased significantly only at 35°C. The toxicity and TCs of phoxim (non-effect TEI) showed no obvious fluctuation at the tested temperatures. These results showed that when the pre-exposure times were extended, the toxicities of the positive / negative TEI showed an increase at the temperature where the pest was less sensitive to the insecticides. These results can be applied to determine the toxicities / bioactivities of different insecticides accurately at different temperatures.

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Is developmental rate polymorphism constant? Influence of temperature on the occurrence and constancy of slow and fast development in Zygogramma bicolorata Pallister (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae)

Cited by 4 publications

References 39 publications

Allocation of food resource by experimentally evolved lines of developmental variants of Propylea dissecta: a food exploitation strategy

Allocation of food resource by experimentally evolved lines of developmental variants of Propylea dissecta: a food exploitation strategy

Zygogramma bicolorata (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae): an exotic biocontrol agent of the noxious weed, Parthenium hysterophorus (Asteraceae)

Influence of pre-exposure time on the toxicities of different temperature effect insecticides to Apolygus lucorum (Hemiptera: Miridae)

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