Is diversionary feeding an effective tool for reducing human–bear conflicts? Case studies from North America and Europe

Garshelis, David L.; Baruch‐Mordo, Sharon; Bryant, Ann; Gunther, Kerry A.; Jerina, Klemen

doi:10.2192/ursu-d-16-00019.1

Cited by 56 publications

(25 citation statements)

References 79 publications

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“…, Garshelis et al. , Morehouse & Boyce ). Variation in the effects of feeding is likely to be caused by variation in a number of factors, such as annual or seasonal fluctuations of food availability, the spatial arrangement of feeding sites, the type of artificial food and the way in which this food is provided (e.g.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 98%

“…, Garshelis et al. ). It is commonly believed that bears that associate artificial feeding with people lose their natural caution and often become a nuisance (Kavcˇicˇ et al.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…hand feeding vs. automatic feeders), and probably also by the intensity of bear hunting in relation to increased food availability (see Garshelis et al. for a synthesis). Moreover, well‐planned and regulated artificial feeding in the framework of adaptive management can help to decrease conflicts (Garshelis et al.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Moreover, well‐planned and regulated artificial feeding in the framework of adaptive management can help to decrease conflicts (Garshelis et al. ) and maintain a higher density of bears, possibly leading to sustainable species conservation.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Evolutionary and ecological traps for brown bears Ursus arctos in human‐modified landscapes

et al. 2018

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1.Evolutionary traps, and their derivative, ecological traps, occur when animals make maladaptive decisions based on seemingly reliable environmental cues, and are important mechanistic explanations for declines in animal populations. 2. Despite the interest in large carnivore conservation in human-modified landscapes, the emergence of traps and their potential effects on the conservation of large carnivore populations has frequently been overlooked. 3. The brown bear Ursus arctos typifies the challenges facing large carnivore conservation and recent research has reported that this species can show maladaptive behaviours in human-modified landscapes. Here we review, describe and discuss scenarios recognised as evolutionary or ecological traps for brown bears, and propose possible trap scenarios and mechanisms that have the potential to affect the dynamics and viability of brown bear populations. 4. Six potential trap scenarios have been detected for brown bears in humanmodified landscapes: 1) food resources close to human settlements; 2) agricultural landscapes; 3) roads; 4) artificial feeding sites; 5) hunting by humans; and 6) other human activities. Because these traps are likely to be of contrasting relevance for different demographic segments of bear populations, we highlight the importance of evaluations of the relative demographic consequences of different trap types for wildlife management. We also suggest that traps may be behind the decreases in brown bear and other large carnivore populations in human-modified landscapes. Mammal Review ISSN 0305-1838 bs_bs_banner Brown bears and evolutionary and ecological traps V. Penteriani et al. Mammal Review 48 (2018) 180-193

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 98%

“…, Garshelis et al. ). It is commonly believed that bears that associate artificial feeding with people lose their natural caution and often become a nuisance (Kavcˇicˇ et al.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Evolutionary and ecological traps for brown bears Ursus arctos in human‐modified landscapes

et al. 2018

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“…An effective information and education campaign designed to improve backcountry recreationalists' awareness of how human behavior, party size, bear spray, off-trail travel, and seasonal timing of hikes can influence the frequency of human-bear encounters and the outcomes of those encounters also has the potential to significantly reduce the frequency of bear-inflicted human injuries in Hayden Valley and YNP. An educational campaign was successfully used to induce park visitors in YNP to stop a nearly century-old practice of hand-feeding bears along park roads (Wondrak Biel 2006, Garshelis et al 2017. Educational safety campaigns have also been used successfully to increase seatbelt use (Vasudevan et al 2009) and reduce tobacco use (McAfee et al 2013, Xu et al 2015 in the United States.…”

Section: Management Considerationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Potential for recreational restrictions to reduce grizzly bear–caused human injuries

Gunther

Haroldson

2020

Ursus

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Conservation and management of the culture of bears

Servheen

Gunther

2022

Ecology and Evolution

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Culture is the inheritance of an array of behavioral traditions through social learning from others (Whitten, 2021). There is a rich literature on the culture of inherited behaviors across a wide range of taxa emphasizing its evolutionary significance and adaptive importance. This literature includes: song dialects in white-crowned sparrows (Zonotrichia leucophrys) (Marler & Tamura, 1964), foraging sites in birds (Slagsvold & Wiebe, 2011), whale songs (Noad et al., 2000), bottlenose dolphin (Tursiops spp.) foraging traditions (Mann & Sargeant, 2003), humpback whale (Megaptera novaeangliae) feeding methods (Allen et al., 2013), capuchin monkey (Cebus spp.) tool use (Ottoni et al., 2005), sperm whale (Physeter macrocephalus) dialects (Weilgart & Whitehead, 1997), killer whale (Orcinus orca) ecotype evolution

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Is diversionary feeding an effective tool for reducing human–bear conflicts? Case studies from North America and Europe

Cited by 56 publications

References 79 publications

Evolutionary and ecological traps for brown bears Ursus arctos in human‐modified landscapes

Evolutionary and ecological traps for brown bears Ursus arctos in human‐modified landscapes

Potential for recreational restrictions to reduce grizzly bear–caused human injuries

Conservation and management of the culture of bears

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