Is dorsal anterior cingulate cortex activation in response to social exclusion due to expectancy violation? An fMRI study

Kawamoto, Taishi; Onoda, Keiichi; Nakashima, Ken’ichiro; Nittono, Hiroshi; Yamaguchi, Shûhei; Ura, Mitsuhiro

doi:10.3389/fnevo.2012.00011

Cited by 66 publications

(69 citation statements)

References 51 publications

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“…Replicating previous findings on exclusion, in our modified paradigm the main effect of exclusion contrasted to inclusion confirmed increased activity in regions which have been described in several studies for healthy adult samples (Karremans et al 2011;Kawamoto et al 2012;Onoda et al 2009;Sebastian et al 2011). Most consistently, higher activity in exclusion has been reported for regions which are associated with emotion processing and regulation, like the ACC, the medial and lateral PFC and limbic regions (Kohn et al 2014;Moor et al 2012;Sebastian et al 2011;Will et al 2016).…”

Section: Neural Responses Of Exclusion Versus Inclusionsupporting

confidence: 89%

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Contextual exclusion processing: an fMRI study of rejection in a performance-related context

Wagels

Bergs

Clemens

et al. 2016

Brain Imaging and Behavior

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Social stress has a major detrimental impact on subjective well-being. Previous research mainly focused on two methods to induce and measure social stress: social exclusion and performance evaluation. For social exclusion researchers frequently focused on the Cyberball task, which in contrast to many psychosocial stress paradigms does not include a performance component. The aim of the current study was to establish an optimized psychosocial stress paradigm by combining both, social exclusion as well as performance evaluation within a single fMRI paradigm. We implemented a modification of the Cyberball task including a performance game (with exclusion and inclusion periods) in addition to the already established exclusion and inclusion periods. This indeed resulted in increased subjective stress in the performance game. Hence, the modified Cyberball version seems to be superior in mapping relevant neural social stress correlates more pronounced and reliably. Exclusion within the performance-related context contrasted to the unmodified exclusion was associated with higher activation in the dorsal anterior cingulate cortex and the anterior insula. Moreover, the modified exclusion reflected greater social processing in the precuneus, several temporo-parietal and medial prefrontal areas, as suggested by the additional task aspects of social evaluation and social perspective taking. The findings emphasize that public negative evaluation is effective in substantially enlarging and potentiating the distressing effect of exclusion on a subjective as well as on a neural level. This may have a great potential for further experimental research on social stress.

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Section: Neural Responses Of Exclusion Versus Inclusionsupporting

confidence: 89%

“…The participant received the ball in 60 % of all cases in inclusion phases. While some studies excluded the participant completely during exclusion phases, in our study, the subject received the ball in 3 % of all throws similar to other studies (Gradin et al 2012;Kawamoto et al 2012).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 65%

Contextual exclusion processing: an fMRI study of rejection in a performance-related context

Wagels

Bergs

Clemens

et al. 2016

Brain Imaging and Behavior

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“…Kawamoto and colleagues (2012), for instance, measured fMRI signals in the brains of participants as they played a virtual ball-tossing game in which they were included or excluded. The previously established link between social pain and dACC activity (e.g., Eisenberger et al, 2003) was again reflected here, with participants showing relatively greater activation of the dACC and self-reported feelings of social pain during the periods of social exclusion than during the periods of inclusion (Kawamoto et al, 2012). Krill and Platek (2009) have likewise shown that social-exclusionrelated dACC activity is greater when a participant is rejected by in-group than by out-group members, suggesting a possible mechanism to ensure we stay connected to those individuals most likely to help with our survival.…”

supporting

confidence: 73%

To be spurned no more: The affective and behavioral consequences of social and nonsocial rejection

2016

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Social pain is often associated with social rejection and shares neural correlates with the bothersome aspect of physical pain, which may also indicate an overlap in function. Pain has been described as a motivational signal to respond to the source of the pain in an adaptive way, such as by altering behavior. We tested whether social pain causes similarly adaptive alterations in behavior. Participants played computerized ball-tossing tasks with putative players-one who passed to and one who excluded the participant from play-in both a social and nonsocial version. We assessed the behavioral consequences of social pain by comparing the number of throws to each stimulus (social rejector vs. nonsocial rejector) over the course of the task. Posttask questionnaires assessed subjective feelings of social pain. A decrease in throws to the rejecting stimulus was only observed in the social version, indicating that rejection that is social in nature leads to change in behavior. Moreover, participants reported more negative feelings toward the rejecting stimulus in the social than in the nonsocial version. These subjective feelings of social pain mediated the effect of version of the game (social vs. nonsocial) on changes in behavior, indicating that social pain from social rejection causes changes in behavior.

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“…The paradigm has also been modified to compare neural responses to differing forms of rejection (i.e. micro- vs. sustained rejection; Kawamoto et al, 2012), as well as differing perpetrators (i.e. gender: Bolling et al, 2012, and in- vs out-group members: Masten et al, 2011d).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Neural correlates of social exclusion across ages: A coordinate-based meta-analysis of functional MRI studies

2017

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Given the recent surge in functional neuroimaging studies on social exclusion, the current study employed activation likelihood estimation (ALE) based meta-analyses to identify brain regions that have consistently been implicated across different experimental paradigms used to investigate exclusion. We also examined the neural correlates underlying Cyberball, the most commonly used paradigm to study exclusion, as well as differences in exclusion-related activation between developing (7–18 years of age, from pre-adolescence up to late adolescence) and emerging adult (broadly defined as undergraduates, including late adolescence and young adulthood) samples. Results revealed involvement of the bilateral medial prefrontal and posterior cingulate cortices, right precuneus and left ventrolateral prefrontal cortex across the different paradigms used to examine social exclusion; similar activation patterns were identified when restricting the analysis to Cyberball studies. Investigations into age-related effects revealed that ventrolateral prefrontal activations identified in the full sample were driven by (i.e. present in) developmental samples, while medial prefrontal activations were driven by emerging adult samples. In addition, the right ventral striatum was implicated in exclusion, but only in developmental samples. Subtraction analysis revealed significantly greater activation likelihood in striatal and ventrolateral prefrontal clusters in the developmental samples as compared to emerging adults, though the opposite contrast failed to identify any significant regions. Findings integrate the knowledge accrued from functional neuroimaging studies on social exclusion to date, highlighting involvement of regulatory lateral prefrontal regions and midline structures involved in social cognitive and self-evaluative processes across experimental paradigms and ages, as well as limbic structures in developing samples specifically.

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Is dorsal anterior cingulate cortex activation in response to social exclusion due to expectancy violation? An fMRI study

Cited by 66 publications

References 51 publications

Contextual exclusion processing: an fMRI study of rejection in a performance-related context

Contextual exclusion processing: an fMRI study of rejection in a performance-related context

To be spurned no more: The affective and behavioral consequences of social and nonsocial rejection

Neural correlates of social exclusion across ages: A coordinate-based meta-analysis of functional MRI studies

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