Is Early Experience Destiny? Review of Research on Long-Term Outcomes following International Adoption with Special Reference to the British Chinese Adoption Study

Grant, Maggie; Rushton, Alan; Simmonds, John

doi:10.1155/2016/6303490

Cited by 7 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 47 publications

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“…This observation is consistent with other studies that found that people in adoption had two to three times more risk of total suicide than non-adopted people (33). This finding agrees with other systematic reviews or metaanalyses, which found poorer outcomes for adoptees than persons from the general population on indicators of intelligence quotient, cognitive functioning, social adjustment, school achievement, behavioral troubles, psychological problems, and psychiatric diagnoses (12)(13)(14)(15)(16)(17)(18)(19)(20)(21).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

“…Some systematic reviews or meta-analyses have been carried out to summarize the association between the adoption situation and outcomes in intelligence quotient (9,10), cognitive functioning (12,13), social functioning (14), school performance (15,16), behavioral problems (14)(15)(16)(17), psychological adjustment (13)(14)(15)18), and mental health (14,15,(18)(19)(20)(21). However, no meta-analysis consolidates the information about the specific association between the adoption situation and suicide attempt.…”

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confidence: 99%

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Relationship Between Adoption and Suicide Attempts: A Meta-analysis

Campo‐Arias

Egurrola

Herazo³

2020

Int J High Risk Behav Addict

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Context: Several investigations have shown that people in an adoption situation have a higher frequency of mental problems or disorders than the general population. However, no known meta-analysis consolidates information about the association between the adoption situation and suicide attempt. Objectives: We aimed to systematically evaluate the primary observational studies that quantified the association between the adoption situation and suicide attempt. Methods: A systematic review was designed that used a logical strategy based on specific descriptors in Spanish, English, and Portuguese, in combination with the Boolean operators (AND, OR). The search was performed on the following databases: PubMed, Scopus, Health Virtual Library, ProQuest, EBSCOhost, PsycArticles, BioMed Central, and Sage Journal. Articles were included until December 2016. The quality of the studies was evaluated with a tool based on the STROBE criteria. Results: Six studies met the inclusion criteria. Three studies used case-control designs and the remaining three were cohort studies. Case-control studies computed 69 suicide attempts in 1,216 adopted people compared to 436 attempts amidst 20,555 non-adopted people (OR = 2.30, 95% CI 1.24 - 4.28, I2 = 61%). Cohort studies computed 536 suicide attempts among 36,965 people in adoption compared to 15,112 attempts in 3,118,069 non-adopted people (RR = 2.99, 95% CI 2.54 - 3.53, I2 = 73%). Conclusions: The adoption situation can increase suicide attempts; it predicts at least two times more cases of suicide attempts among adopted people than in the general population.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Relationship Between Adoption and Suicide Attempts: A Meta-analysis

Campo‐Arias

Egurrola

Herazo³

2020

Int J High Risk Behav Addict

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“…Six systematic reviews and meta-analyses of severe neglect and mental health were identified (Fensbo, 2004; Grant, Rushton, & Simmonds, 2016; Johnson et al, 2006; Juffer & van IJzendoorn, 2005, 2007; Latimer et al, 2012). Two of these also addressed outcomes in the areas of cognitive development and attachment (Fensbo, 2004; Johnson et al, 2006).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Systematic Review of Reviews of the Outcome of Severe Neglect in Underresourced Childcare Institutions

Carr

Duff

Craddock

2018

Trauma, Violence, & Abuse

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The aim of the systematic review described in this article was to determine the outcomes for individuals exposed to severe neglect in congregate care institutions such as orphanages. In this context, severe neglect refers to failure to meet children’s basic physical, developmental, and emotional needs due to inadequate resources. In this systematic review of previous systematic reviews and meta-analyses, searches of 10 databases were conducted, 18 papers that met inclusion and exclusion criteria were selected for review, their quality was assessed, and data were extracted and synthesized. The 550 primary studies included in the 18 systematic reviews and meta-analyses were relatively well designed, allowing confidence to be placed in their results. Severe neglect was associated with a wide range of problems in the domains of physical development, cognitive development, attachment, and mental health. The severity of adverse outcomes was partly influenced by the duration and severity of deprivation and a constellation of risk and protective factors. Prevention policies should aim to eliminate large underresourced congregate care institutions for infants. In taking steps toward this, policies should aim to adequately resource congregate care institutions to meet children’s developmental needs for nutrition, stimulation, and attachment to a stable primary caregiver with adequate parenting skills and training. Early placement in adoptive or foster families, with access to routine physical and mental health-care service available in developed countries, is the most viable effective intervention for child survivors of severe neglect.

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“…Among those studies that have extended to mid-life, most have examined psycho-social outcomes with little data on the intervening years, or have focused in depth on important but relatively narrow areas of adult experiences such as dealing with racism (Grant, Rushton and Simmonds, 2016). This leaves a gap in understanding the influence of other events in adult life.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%