Is Gender a Factor in the Reduction of Cardiovascular Risks With Exercise Training?

Abstract

Circulation Journal Official Journal of the Japanese Circulation Society http://www. j-circ.or.jp for confounding factors, we matched body fat changes and exercise frequency during the intervention period and age, and then analyzed data from both genders. MethodsWe conducted a randomized controlled trial that examined the effects of exercise training on CV risk factors in overweight subjects with other risk factors. 2 Full details of the intervention study design and methods are reported elsewhere. 2, 27 The study was approved by the Institutional Review Board of Sapporo Medical University and was conducted between April, 2003 and October, 2004. Each participant gave informed consent. SubjectsWe examined data from 131 subjects (60 men and 71 women aged 61-79 years) who were exercisers in our previous intervention study. 2,27 Participants in that particular study were aged 40-89 years with a body mass index (BMI) between 24.2 and 34.9 kg/m 2 , with 2 or more of the following CV risk factors: resting systolic BP of 130-179 mmHg, fasting blood glucose level of 110-139 mg/dl or HbA1c (%) >5.8 when non-fasting hysical activity and exercise training reduce the incidence of cardiovascular (CV) diseases by improving almost all risk factors, such as obesity, lack of fitness, and hypertension. 1-8 In addition, aerobic exercise has been shown to lower the level of a potent vascular inflammatory marker, high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hsCRP), through loss of body fat. 9,10 It is well-recognized that gender differences exist in the prevalence and levels of these CV diseases and risk factors. 11-22Despite accumulating data, there is still no evidence on how gender influences the effects of exercise training with body weight (BW) loss on hsCRP levels. A meta-analysis study demonstrated the effects of aerobic exercise on CRP, 23 but did not present separate data for exercise-derived CRP lowering in each gender. Moreover, there is still no consensus as to gender differences in the efficacy of exercise training in lowering the blood pressure (BP) of individuals with multiple CV risk factors. 24-26To provide more information, we directly compared the effects of a 6-month exercise training intervention on hsCRP, BP and other conventional CV risk factors in older men and women with elevated BP and other CV risk factors. Background: This study compared older men and women with cardiovascular (CV) risk factors in terms of the effects of a 6-month exercise intervention on high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hsCRP) levels, blood pressure (BP) and other risk factors.

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