Is Graphene Always Effective in Reinforcing Composites? The Case of Highly Graphene-Modified Thermoplastic Nanofibers and Their Unfortunate Application in CFRP Laminates

Maccaferri, Emanuele; Mazzocchetti, Laura; Benelli, Tiziana; Ortolani, Jacopo; Brugo, Tommaso Maria; Zucchelli, Andrea; Giorgini, Loris

doi:10.3390/polym14245565

Cited by 7 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 70 publications

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“…Figure 8 a showcases that the presence of CNT in the TPU unidirectional membranes has increased Young's modulus by 7.6%, while reducing the tensile strength by 2.2% and the maximum strain by 33.6%. This behavior may be attributed to the interaction between TPU and CNT at an intermolecular level, which adversely affects the stretchability of electrospun TPU 58 , 59 . Furthermore, the TPU and TPU/CNT fibrous membranes in randomly oriented fiber alignment displayed similar behavior, with the exception of maximum stress value, as shown in Fig.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Thermo-mechanical characterization of electrospun polyurethane/carbon-nanotubes nanofibers: a comparative study

Shaker,

Khedewy,

Hassan

et al. 2023

Sci Rep

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Creating ultrathin, mountable fibers from a wide range of polymeric functional materials has made electrospinning an adequate approach to producing highly flexible and elastic materials. In this paper, electrospinning was utilized to produce thermoplastic polyurethane (TPU) nanofibrous membranes for the purpose of studying their thermal and mechanical properties. Towards a study of the effects of fiber orientation and multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) as a filler on both mechanical and thermal characteristics of electrospun TPU mats, an experimental comparison was held between unidirectional and randomly aligned TPU and TPU/MWCNTs nanofibrous structures. The incorporation of MWCNTs into randomly oriented TPU nanofibers resulted in a significant increase in Young's modulus (E), from 3.9 to 7.5 MPa. On the other hand, for unidirectionally spun fibers, Young's modulus increased from 17.1 to 18.4 MPa upon the addition of MWCNTs. However, dynamic mechanical analysis revealed a different behavior. The randomly oriented specimens exhibited a storage modulus with a significant increase from 180 to 614 MPa for TPU and TPU/MWCNTs mats, respectively, and a slight increase from 119 to 143 MPa for unidirectional TPU and TPU/MWCNTs mats, respectively. Meanwhile, the loss modulus increased with the addition of MWCNTs from 15.7 to 58.9 MPa and from 6.4 to 12 MPa for the random and aligned fibers, respectively. The glass transition values for all the mats fell in the temperature range of – 60 to − 20 °C. The thermal degradation of the membranes was not significantly affected by the addition of MWCNTs, indicating that the mixing of the two constituents did not change the TPU’s polymer structure and that the TPU/MWCNTs nanocomposite exhibited stable thermal degradation properties.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Thermo-mechanical characterization of electrospun polyurethane/carbon-nanotubes nanofibers: a comparative study

Shaker,

Khedewy,

Hassan

et al. 2023

Sci Rep

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“…Also, electrical resistivity decreases when nanotube reinforcement percentage increases from 1 wt.% to 4 wt.%. Researchers [28,29] have utilized graphene and graphene oxide as fillers in carbon fiber-reinforced polymeric composites. Their investigations have revealed that graphene may greatly enhance the electrical, thermal, and mechanical characteristics of polymers and polymer composites, especially when paired with synthetic fibers.…”

Section: Injection Molding Techniquementioning

confidence: 99%

Preliminary Investigations and Support for the Mechanical and Dynamic Characteristics of a Natural Rubber Reinforcement in E-Glass/CNT/Epoxy Composite

Anidha,

Mozhuguan Sekar,

Natarajan

et al. 2024

J. Compos. Sci.

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The present investigation reports the synthesis and mechanical properties of a hybrid polymer composite consisting of E-Glass fiber, epoxy and 2 wt.% carbon nanotubes (CNTs) with a varying percentage of natural rubber (NR). The prepared hybrid polymer composites were examined in terms of their surface morphology, thermal properties as well as mechanical properties. The findings from the present study indicate that natural rubber enhances the mechanical properties of the hybrid polymer composites and, in particular, 10 wt.% is the optimum percentage of NR that yields the highest strength of 88 MPa, while the strength is 52 MPa with 5 wt.% NR. In order to evaluate the damping properties, a dynamic mechanical analysis was carried out on the E-Glass/CNT with NR composites at various frequencies along with a thermogravimetric analysis. It was found that the composite reinforced with 10 wt.% natural rubber exhibited a higher glass transition temperature of 376.86 °C and storage modulus of 2468 MPa when compared to the other composites, which indicates the enhanced cross-linking density and higher polymer modulus of the composite. X-ray diffraction analysis was also conducted and the results are reported to improve the general understanding of crystalline phases.

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“…Mat thickness was estimated based on the mass normalization method. [46][47][48] The stress was calculated using Equation 2:…”

Section: Scanning Electron Microscopy (Sem) Analysis Of the Mat Morph...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Amyloid peptide – synthetic polymer blends with enhanced mechanical and biological properties

Wang,

Mondal,

Jankoski

et al. 2024

Preprint

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Interest in utilizing amyloids to develop biomaterials is increasing due to their potential for biocompatibility, unique assembling morphology, mechanical stability, and biophysical properties. However, challenges include the complexity of peptide chemistry and the practical techniques required for processing amyloids into bulk materials. In this work, two decapeptides with fibrillar and globular morphologies were selected, blended with poly(ethylene oxide), and fabricated into composite mats via electrospinning. Notable enhancements in mechanical properties were observed, attributed to the uniform distribution of the decapeptide assemblies within the PEO matrix. Morphological differences, such as the production of thinner nanofibers, are attributed to the increased conductivity from the zwitterionic nature of the decapeptides. Blend rheology and post-processing analysis revealed how processing might affect the amyloid aggregation and secondary structure of the peptides. Both decapeptides demonstrated good biocompatibility and strong antioxidant activity, indicating their potential for safe and effective use as biomaterials. By evaluating these interdependencies, this research lays the foundation for understanding the structure-property-processing relationships of peptide-polymer blends and highlights the strong potential for developing applications in biotechnology.

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Is Graphene Always Effective in Reinforcing Composites? The Case of Highly Graphene-Modified Thermoplastic Nanofibers and Their Unfortunate Application in CFRP Laminates

Cited by 7 publications

References 70 publications

Thermo-mechanical characterization of electrospun polyurethane/carbon-nanotubes nanofibers: a comparative study

Thermo-mechanical characterization of electrospun polyurethane/carbon-nanotubes nanofibers: a comparative study

Preliminary Investigations and Support for the Mechanical and Dynamic Characteristics of a Natural Rubber Reinforcement in E-Glass/CNT/Epoxy Composite

Amyloid peptide – synthetic polymer blends with enhanced mechanical and biological properties

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