Is handgrip strength a marker of muscle and physical function of the lower limbs? Sex differences in older adults with obesity

Muollo, Valentina; Tatangelo, Toni; Ghiotto, Laura; Cavedon, Valentina; Milanese, Chiara; Zamboni, Mauro; Schena, Federico; Rossi, Andrea P.

doi:10.1016/j.numecd.2022.06.018

Cited by 8 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 35 publications

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“…Nevertheless, a strong association between SPPB and EQ‐5D‐5L was reported in other populations with chronic diseases. 53 Correlation between SPPB and grip strength has been widely explored and established in other populations, 54 , 55 , 56 which has also been confirmed in our study. Similarly, Piquet et al have found a correlation between grip strength and functional ability measured with Barthel Index, 57 the measure which has been described as one of the most frequently used for evaluation of functional abilities, along with SPPB, 6MWT, and 1 min sit‐to‐stand.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 88%

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Functional status and quality of life in post‐COVID‐19 patients two to three weeks after hospitalization: A cross‐sectional study

Qorolli,

Beqaj,

Ibrahimi‐Kaçuri

et al. 2023

Health Science Reports

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Background and AimsExtended hospitalization due to coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19) is associated with residual musculoskeletal and functional deficits lasting even 6 months after discharge; therefore, it is crucial that post‐hospitalized patients are promptly assessed. The aim of this study was to identify post‐COVID‐19 patients' functional status and quality of life, as well as to investigate their inter‐relatedness 2–3 weeks after hospital discharge.MethodsThe study included 39 post‐COVID‐19 patients previously hospitalized in the Clinic for Infectious Diseases at the University Clinical Center of Kosovo (UCCK) from August to December 2021. Physiotherapeutic assessment encompassed socio‐demographic and clinical data including Short Physical Performance Battery (SPPB) for physical functional performance, hand grip strength, 6‐min Walk Test (6MWT) for aerobic capacity and endurance, EuroQol 5‐Dimension 5‐Level (EQ‐5D‐5L) for quality of life, Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) for pain, Borg CR10 for dyspnea, peripheral oxygen saturation and heart rate. Descriptive statistics, Pearson correlation, and multiple linear regression analysis were utilized for data processing.ResultsThe median (interquartile range [IQR]) for Borg CR10, VAS pain scale, total SPPB, grip strength, and 6MWT were 1 (0–3), 3 (1–6), 9 (8–10), 30.5 (23.2–43.5) kg, 344.5 (312.7–381.7) m respectively, while the mean (SD) for EQ‐5D‐5L index value was 0.7 (0.2). The strongest and most significant correlation was depicted between SPPB total score and its subscales, followed by correlation with EQ‐5D‐5L (r = 0.719, p < 0.001), grip strength (r = 0.612 p < 0.001), Borg CR10 (r = −0.515, p = 0.001), 6MWT (r = 0.416, p = 0.02), and VAS scale (r = −0.343, p = 0.03). Using the multiple regression analysis, the grip strength, Borg‐CR10, and 6MWT were found to be strongly predictive of SPPB total score.ConclusionIn post‐COVID‐19 patients' functional status and quality of life were impaired 2–3 weeks following hospitalization. SPPB showed the most frequent and significant correlation with other variables, hence it should be considered as one of the primary screening tools.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 88%

“…Nevertheless, a strong association between SPPB and EQ-5D-5L was reported in other populations with chronic diseases. 53 Correlation between SPPB and grip strength has been widely explored and established in other populations, [54][55][56] which has also been confirmed in our study.…”

Section: Regression Analysissupporting

confidence: 86%

Functional status and quality of life in post‐COVID‐19 patients two to three weeks after hospitalization: A cross‐sectional study

Qorolli,

Beqaj,

Ibrahimi‐Kaçuri

et al. 2023

Health Science Reports

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“…Recent scientific publications show contrasting results on the association between GS, lower limb muscle strength and physical function [ 53 , 54 ]. However, we cannot evaluate such associations because, despite many variables measured in our study and included in Cox models, lower limb muscle strength was not measured.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Longitudinal association of grip strength with cardiovascular and all-cause mortality in older urban Lithuanian population

Sileikiene,

Tamosiunas,

Luksiene

et al. 2024

BMC Public Health

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Background Ageing populations experience greater risks associated with health and survival. It increases the relevance of identifying variables associated with mortality. Grip strength (GS) has been identified as an important biomarker for all cause and cardiovascular mortality, however, its prognostic value has not been studied in Lithuania. The aim of the present study is to evaluate the relationship of GS to vital status in a representative sample of the Lithuanian 45–72-year-old urban population during the period of 12 years of follow-up and to explore associations of GS with all-cause mortality and mortality from cardiovascular diseases (CVD). Methods Within the framework of the international study Health, Alcohol and Psychosocial Factors in Eastern Europe (HAPIEE) 7,115 men and women 45–72 years of age were examined in the baseline survey (2006 to 2008). Data from the Official Lithuanian Mortality Register were used to evaluate CVD and all-cause mortality from follow-up till 2020. Cox proportional hazards regression was used, and four models for all-cause and CVD mortality were assessed. Results The mean GS was significantly higher among survivors’ men and women as compared to individuals deceased from CVD and other causes of death. In survivor men and women groups, minimal values of GS in all terciles were higher as compared to all three deceased groups. In both men and women groups, the lowest GS (1st tercile) was associated with a significantly higher risk of all-cause and CVD mortality as compared to the highest levels of GS (3rd tercile) in three Cox regression models. In both men and women were found to have a 1.34- and 1.35-fold higher risk of all-cause mortality, respectively, at lower GS, but no significant difference in the risk of CVD mortality. When GS was treated in all models as decrement per 1 kg and decrement per 1 SD, in both men and women, the risk of all-cause mortality significantly increased with decreasing of GS. Conclusions The mean GS was significantly higher among survivors’ men and women as compared to deceased from CVD and other causes of death. Risk of all-cause mortality significantly increased with decreasing of GS.

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“…The observed male disadvantage in HGS could also be explained by the higher prevalence of cardiovascular conditions, multimorbidity, and body composition. Given sex differences in BMI and body composition, HGS should not be the unitary factor in gauging muscle strength or physical fitness 64 , 65 . Future studies are warranted to examine the gender differences in HGS using different cut-points based on BMI and other body composition measurements.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Examining factors contributing to the socioeconomic inequalities in handgrip strength among older adults in India: a decomposition analysis

Pai,

Muhammad

2024

Sci Rep

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The purpose of this study was to examine (a) the socioeconomic status (SES)-related inequalities associated with handgrip strength (HGS); and (b) the extent to which several demographic, health, and behavioral factors contributed to such SES disparities in HGS among older adults in India. Data were drawn from the 2017–2018 wave 1 of the Longitudinal Ageing Study of India (LASI). The study sample included 27,707 older adults (13,199 men and 14,508 women) aged 60 years and older. HGS was assessed using a handheld Smedley's Hand Dynamometer with a cut-off of 19.5 kg for men and 12.5 kg for women. Bivariate analysis showed the weighted percentage distribution of weak HGS across respondent characteristics. Multivariate logistic regression assessed factors linked to weak HGS. The concentration curve and index (CCI) was used to determine the inequalities in the prevalence of weak HGS by wealth index scores. Wagstaff's decomposition approach was used to test the contribution of each explanatory variable to weak HGS. Around 9% of older adults in this study reported a weak HGS. It was significantly higher among those aged 80 or older (19.21%) and males (15.55%). Weak HGS was concentrated among older adults from poor SES (CCI: 0.05, p < 0.001). A higher percentage of wealth-based inequality in weak HGS was explained by being underweight (38.83%), belonging to the richest wealth quintile (27.95%), and having a higher subjective social status (32.20%). Moreover, about 23.29% of the inequality in weak HGS was explained by Western region and 22.54% by female gender. Additionally, having a secondary level of education explained a higher percentage (22.09%) of inequality, followed by current working status (− 20.68%). Rural residence (13.08%), limitations in instrumental activities of daily living (IADL) (12.21%), and engagement in yoga-related activities (11.55%) explained a higher percentage of wealth-based inequalities. The findings provide evidence of significant SES-related inequalities in HGS and the contribution of various demographic, health, and behavioral factors to such inequality. As such, public health policies and programs focusing on reducing the burden of disability must consider the contribution of social and economic equity to the preservation of muscle strength among older adults.

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Is handgrip strength a marker of muscle and physical function of the lower limbs? Sex differences in older adults with obesity

Cited by 8 publications

References 35 publications

Functional status and quality of life in post‐COVID‐19 patients two to three weeks after hospitalization: A cross‐sectional study

Functional status and quality of life in post‐COVID‐19 patients two to three weeks after hospitalization: A cross‐sectional study

Longitudinal association of grip strength with cardiovascular and all-cause mortality in older urban Lithuanian population

Examining factors contributing to the socioeconomic inequalities in handgrip strength among older adults in India: a decomposition analysis

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