Is immunotherapy an opportunity for effective treatment of drug addiction?

Zalewska-Kaszubska, Jadwiga

doi:10.1016/j.vaccine.2015.09.079

Cited by 28 publications

(31 citation statements)

References 80 publications

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“…Immunopharmacotherapy, specifically through active immunization, has been utilized as a method for the sequestration of drug molecules from the brain and for the reduction of drug effects. By eliciting high-affinity drug-specific antibodies, anti-drug vaccines have been developed as potential therapeutics (see (Kosten and Domingo, 2013; Ohia-Nwoko et al, 2016; Skolnick, 2015; Zalewska-Kaszubska, 2015) for review), for psychomotor stimulants such as MA and cocaine (Kosten et al, 2014) and even recently emerged designer cathinones, such as alpha-pyrrolidinopentiophenone and 3,4-methylenedioxypyrovalerone (Nguyen et al, 2016c). Multiple reports followed a seminal demonstration that an anti-cocaine vaccine produced an attenuation of cocaine-stimulated locomotor increases in male Wistar rats (Carrera et al, 1995).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effective active vaccination against methamphetamine in female rats

Nguyen

Bremer

Hwang

et al. 2017

Drug and Alcohol Dependence

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Background Immunotherapies directed against methamphetamine (MA) abuse have shown success in rodent models, however only a limited number of studies have investigated active vaccination in female mice and none in female rats. It is critical to determine if potential immunotherapeutic strategies generalize across sex, particularly for drugs that may produce significant sex-differences on behavioral or physiological endpoints. Methods Female Wistar rats were initially vaccinated with keyhole-limpet hemocyanin (KLH) or an anti-methamphetamine-KLH conjugate (MH6-KLH) three times over five weeks and implanted with radiotelemetry devices to assess locomotor activity and body temperature responses to MA. Rats were first exposed to MA via vapor inhalation (100mg/mL in propylene glycol) and then by injection (0.25–1.0 mg/kg, i.p.) and vapor after a final vaccine boost. Results The MH6-KLH vaccine generated an increase in antibody titers across the initial 6-week, 3 immunization protocol and a restoration of titer after a week 14 booster. Locomotor stimulation induced by 0.25 mg/kg MA, i.p, in the KLH group was prevented in the MH6-KLH group. MH6-KLH animals also exhibited an attenuated locomotor stimulation produced by 0.5 mg/kg MA, i.p. No group differences in locomotion induced by vapor inhalation of MA were observed and body temperature was not differentially affected by MA across the groups, most likely because vapor inhalation of MA that produced similar locomotor stimulation resulted in ~10-fold higher plasma MA levels. Conclusions This study confirms the efficacy of the MH6-KLH vaccine in attenuating the effects of MA in female rats.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effective active vaccination against methamphetamine in female rats

Nguyen

Bremer

Hwang

et al. 2017

Drug and Alcohol Dependence

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“…Los grupos de investigación de Wainer y Bonese desarrollaron vacunas para morfina y heroína con la capacidad de unirse a estas sustancias y retenerlas en el suero; demostraron que la conducta de autoadministración de heroína se redujo de manera significativa en primates no humanos vacunados. Más tarde, los grupos de investigación de Bonese, Killian, Raleig y Stowe desarrollaron estudios clínicos en roedores y primates, en los que la administración de la vacuna contra morfina redujo los efectos conductuales originados por el uso de heroína (Zalewska-Kaszubska, 2015).…”

Section: Vacunas Para Morfina Y Heroínaunclassified

“…En un inicio, esta vacuna se llamó IPC-1010 y fue licenciada en exclusiva a la compañía Immu-Logic Pharmaceutical Corp., Waltman, Mass., USA (Zalewska-Kaszubska, 2015). Después, ICP-1010 fue renombrada como TA-CD, cuando la propiedad fue transferida a la compañía Xenova (Cantab).…”

Section: Vacunas Para Cocaínaunclassified

“…En el estudio conducido por Nabi, que incluyó cerca de 1000 personas que fumaban al menos 10 cigarros por día, no hubo diferencias con el grupo placebo (Fahim, Kessler, & Kalnik, 2013;Zalewska-Kaszubska, 2015), tampoco incrementó la abstinencia en fumadores que fueron tratados al mismo tiempo con vareniclina (Hoogsteder, Kotz, van Spiegel, Vie-chtbauer, & van Schayck, 2014). Más aún, Havermans y colaboradores mostraron efectos no significativos en la actividad cerebral en respuesta a la nicotina; por lo tanto, concluyeron que esta vacuna no es efectiva en la cesación de fumar, probablemente debido a su incapacidad de generar niveles terapéuticos de anticuerpos específicos contra nicotina (Havermans, Vuurman, van den Hurk, Hoogsteder, & van Schayck, 2014).…”

Section: Vacunas Para Nicotinaunclassified

“…Así, la búsqueda de terapias altamente efectivas y eficientes representa un reto para el tratamiento de las adicciones. Una alternativa a la farmacología tradicional es la inmunoterapia o vacunación dirigida a sustancias de abuso (Brimijoin, Shen, Orson, & Kosten, 2013;Kinsey, 2014;Zalewska-Kaszubska, 2015).…”

Section: Introductionunclassified

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El estado actual de las vacunas contra las drogas

Matus-Ortega¹,

Nieves²,

Barbosa-Méndez³

et al. 2017

RIIAD

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Introducción: por lo común, la adicción a las drogas se trata con psicoterapia y farmacología que evita la unión de las sustancias psicoactivas a receptores específicos en el cerebro. El resultado de estos tratamientos no ha sido del todo satisfactorio, por lo que el desarrollo de terapias más eficaces representa un reto constante para tratar las adicciones. Una alternativa a la farmacología antiadictiva es la vacunación activa dirigida contra las sustancias de abuso. Objetivo: esta revisión reúne la información disponible sobre los fundamentos y avances científicos en la generación de una terapia inmunológica, que coadyuve al tratamiento de la adicción a sustancias como la heroína-morfina, la cocaína, la nicotina y la anfetamina. Método: se consideraron los reportes científicos disponibles en PubMed –de 2005 a abril de 2017–, sobre los fundamentos, la metodología empleada, los estudios preclínicos y clínicos, y los resultados obtenidos en dichas investigaciones para generar vacunas contra las drogas. Resultados: las vacunas lograron mitigar los efectos producidos por las sustancias en los estudios preclínicos en modelos de estudio en animales; sin embargo, con pacientes humanos los resultados no han sido del todo satisfactorios. Discusión y conclusiones a pesar de los esfuerzos realizados por diferentes grupos de investigación y compañías farmacéuticas para generar vacunas terapéuticas contra el uso de diferentes drogas, ninguna ha alcanzado la fase III de estudios clínicos. En la actualidad, se continúa con los esfuerzos para lograr que las vacunas contra las adicciones alcancen su máxima eficiencia y eficacia, y contribuyan al tratamiento de la adicción a las drogas.

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Ethical Implications in Vaccine Pharmacotherapy for Treatment and Prevention of Drug of Abuse Dependence

et al. 2018

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Different immunotherapeutic approaches are in the pipeline for the treatment of drug dependence. "Drug vaccines" aim to induce the immune system to produce antibodies that bind to drugs and prevent them from inducing rewarding effects in the brain. Drugs of abuse currently being tested using these new approaches are opioids, nicotine, cocaine, and methamphetamine. In human clinical trials, "cocaine and nicotine vaccines" have been shown to induce sufficient antibody levels while producing few side effects. Studies in humans, determining how these vaccines interact in combination with their target drug, are underway. However, although vaccines can become a reasonable treatment option for drugs of abuse, there are several disadvantages that must be considered. These include i) great individual variability in the formation of antibodies, ii) the lack of protection against a structurally dissimilar drug that produces the same effects as the drug of choice, and iii) the lack of an effect on the drug desire that may predispose an addict to relapse. In addition, a comprehensive overview of several crucial ethical issues has not yet been widely discussed in order to have not only a biological approach to immunotherapy of addiction. Overall, immunotherapy offers a range of possible treatment options: the pharmacological treatment of addiction, the treatment of overdoses, the prevention of toxicity to the brain or the heart, and the protection of the fetus during pregnancy. So far, the results obtained from a small-scale experiment using vaccines against cocaine and nicotine suggest that a number of important technical challenges still need to be overcome before such vaccines can be approved for clinical use.

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Is immunotherapy an opportunity for effective treatment of drug addiction?

Cited by 28 publications

References 80 publications

Effective active vaccination against methamphetamine in female rats

Effective active vaccination against methamphetamine in female rats

El estado actual de las vacunas contra las drogas

Ethical Implications in Vaccine Pharmacotherapy for Treatment and Prevention of Drug of Abuse Dependence

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