“…This research examines how managers orient tasks towards a goal, the characteristics of managers' relationships with employees, the extent to which managers are employee-oriented and production-oriented, and how they stimulate new ideas and implement change. (Schriesheim, Cogliser, and Neider, 1995;Blake and Mouton, 1982;Ekvall and Arvonen, 1991) As its name implies, the power and influence approach examines managers' abilities to influence subordinates, peers, superiors, and outsiders through the use of formal authority, rewards, coercion, and the like. (Yukl and Van Fleet, 1990, pp.…”