This paper establishes the contribution made by the establishment and operation of a local stock exchange to the economic development of Southeast Asian (SEA) countries.Specifically, the paper informs investors and policy makers about the current status of SEA stock market development and the associated positive and negative effects of such initiatives. Policy makers have placed a clear focus on SEA stock markets as a primary driver of regional economic growth. However, it is questionable whether SEA is ready for such an ambitious economic initiative, particularly given the reported negative effects of lesser-developed stock markets in the literature. Despite the reported negative implications in the literature, the benefits appear to outweigh the costs for SEA stock markets. It is perceived that SEA stock markets will drive further economic reform, financial liberalisation and market integration, promising tremendous benefits for both the region and international investment community. The paper concludes with questions regarding the efficiency of stock markets in SEA and offers recommendations for further empirical research.2