Is Meteorology a Factor to COVID-19 Spread in a Tropical Climate?

Anand, Vrinda; Korhale, Nikhil; Tikle, Suvarna; Rawat, Mahender Singh; Beig, Gufran

doi:10.1007/s41748-021-00253-2

Cited by 3 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 28 publications

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“…There was a weak correlation between atmospheric temperature in Ahmedabad and Delhi, and a negative correlation was observed in the hill of Pune and the coast of Mumbai, which indicates that the lower temperature increased transmission. PCA analysis in this work revealed that COVID-19 cases are closely correlated with humidity [30].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 51%

“…The variation in meteorological parameters and the relationship with the spread of daily cases of COVID-19 (from 1 April to 30 September 2020) in the four Indian megacities Delhi, Mumbai, Pune, and Ahmedabad, which differ in their climatology, were observed in the study by [30]. It was noted that weather variables such as relative humidity and absolute humidity showed a moderate positive correlation with daily COVID-19 cases in three cities (Delhi, Mumbai, Pune).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 82%

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COVID-19 Pandemic: Impacts on Air Quality during Partial Lockdown in the Metropolitan Area of São Paulo

et al. 2023

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Air pollution has become one of the factors that most affect the quality of life, human health, and the environment. Gaseous pollutants from motor vehicles have a significantly harmful effect on air quality in the Metropolitan Area of São Paulo (MASP)—Brazil. Motor vehicles emit large amounts of particulate matter (PM), carbon monoxide (CO), nitrogen oxides (NOx), and volatile organic compounds (VOCs), the last three acting as the main tropospheric ozone (O3) precursors. In this study, we evaluated the effects of these pollutants on air quality in the MASP during the partial lockdown that was imposed to ensure the social distancing necessitated by the COVID-19 pandemic. We compared the monthly data for nitrogen dioxide (NO2) from the Ozone Monitoring Instrument (OMI) and CO, SO2, and BC from MERRA-2 for the period between April and May 2020 (during the pandemic) with the average for the same period for the (pre-pandemic) years 2017 to 2019 in the southeast region of Brazil. The meteorological and pollutant concentration data from the CETESB air quality monitoring stations for the MASP were compared with the diurnal cycle of three previous years, with regard to the monthly averages of April and May (2017, 2018, and 2019) and the same period in 2020, when the partial lockdown was first imposed in southeast Brazil. Our findings showed that there was a decrease in NO2 concentrations ranging from 10% to more than 60% in the MASP and the Metropolitan Area of Rio de Janeiro (MARJ), whereas in the Metropolitan Area of Belo Horizonte and Vitoria (MABH and MAV, respectively), there was a reduction of around 10%. In the case of the concentrations of CO and BC from MERRA-2, there was a considerable decrease (approx. 10%) during the period of partial lockdown caused by COVID-19 throughout almost the entire state of São Paulo, particularly in the region bordering the state of Rio de Janeiro. The concentration of SO2 from MERRA-2 was 5 to 10% lower in the MASP and MARJ and the west of the MABH, and there was a decrease of 30 to 50% on the border between the states of São Paulo and Rio de Janeiro, while in the MAV region, there was an increase in pollutant levels, as this region was not significantly affected by the COVID-19 pandemic. Sharp reductions in the average hourly concentrations of CO (38.8%), NO (44.9%), NO2 (38.7%), and PM2.5 (6%) were noted at the CETESB air quality monitoring stations in the MASP during the partial lockdown in 2020 compared with the hourly average rate in the pre-pandemic period. In contrast, there was an increase of approximately 16.0% in O3 concentrations in urban areas that are seriously affected by vehicular emissions, which is probably related to a decrease in NOx.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 51%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 82%

COVID-19 Pandemic: Impacts on Air Quality during Partial Lockdown in the Metropolitan Area of São Paulo

et al. 2023

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“…There are various meteorological confounding factors which affects the morbidity and mortality of COVID-19 33 . According to 34 , relative humidity and absolute humidity showed a moderate positive correlation with the daily COVID-19 cases in few cities of India. Despite many studies, there is inconsistencies in findings 35 due to impacts of regional factors like geographical locations and population 36 .…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 96%

Is ultraviolet Radiation a Confounding Variable for COVID-19 in India?

Tikle¹,

Beig²

2022

J. ISAS

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The current global Coronavirus disease (COVID-19) became a pandemic due to its contagion nature and rapid spread throughout the world. The pandemic caused a lockdown resulting in a large decline in the level of anthropogenic emissions of tiny aerosol particles that altered the solar irradiance and decreased the quantity of aerosol, which opposes global warming. This study first demonstrates that surface ultraviolet radiation (UV) increased significantly during the lockdown period in four major Indian mega cities, whose magnitude varies based on city demography. Results shows that the correlation between the high rate of increase in Ultraviolet irradiance (UV-irradiance) on mortality and morbidity. Although there are numerous confounding factors for the pandemic, UV-irradiance could be one of the factors supporting the hypothesis that increased solar UV dose may increase rate of disinfection as radiation warps the structure of genetic material of the virus and deactivates it. Another factor which also have potential to add up increase of Vitamin D3 production per minute of exposure due to UV-irradiance resulting in an increased human immune system to fight COVID-19 more effectively. However, it is cautioned here that a high dose of direct UV exposure to humans may be fatal leading to skin damage and melanoma cancer. Hence, the harmful impact of UV-Irradiance on the human body and its application to possible disinfectant to virus deactivation should be understood in a proper perspective.

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“…Gurugram is a northern Indian city of Haryana state situated at 28.4595° N, 77.0266° E. This satellite city is part of the Delhi NCR of India (Figure 2) and has an area of 232 km 2 with 1,726,452 estimated population. 12 The hot of Gurugram contains distinct seasons, namely pre-monsoon (March-May) with approx. 45% humidity & 27 o C temperature; Monsoon (June-August) is a hot and humid season with approx.…”

Section: Site Descriptionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…23 Particulate pollution can accelerate the spread of respiratory infections and elevate the mortality risk. 12 Higher PM…”

Section: Correlations Between Pm 25 Concentrations Covid-19 Cases And...mentioning

confidence: 99%

COVID-19 transmission due to interplay between PM2.5 and weather conditions

Sharma,

Upadhyay,

Kulkarni

et al. 2024

JAMS

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Background: The association of air pollution with the COVID-19 pandemic majorly caused respiratory diseases among the major outcomes of COVID-19 infection. In addition, meteorological factors play an important role in spreading COVID-19 infection in humans who have been exposed to air pollutants. Objectives: This study aims to estimate and comprehend the linkages between the contribution of PM 2.5 concentrations and meteorological parameters to the spreading coronavirus infection in Gurugram, a badly affected city in India due to the COVID-19 pandemic. Materials and methods: We employed some statistical analysis on daily average data of PM 2.5 concentrations and meteorological conditions with daily COVID-19 cases from March 2020 to February 2022. To optimize PM2.5 concentrations linked with COVID-19 instances, a time series analysis was performed. The Pearson correlation test investigated the relationships between PM2.5levels, meteorological data, and COVID-19 instances. The PCA was applied to reveal the most significant factor attributable to affecting the rate of COVID-19 transmission in Gurugram. Results: The highest cases of COVID-19 (250,000) were observed in February 2022 when PM 2.5 concentration was 286.6µg/m3, 12.64 oC temperature, 73.81% RH, and 68.265 km/h wind speed while minimum cases (3125) were found in March 2020 with the 18.18µg/m3 PM2.5 concentration, 10.62.oC temperature, 50.05% RH, and 83.295km/h wind speed. Conclusion: The principal component analysis helped conclude the results, which revealed that the daily COVID-19 cases were significantly positively correlated with PM 2.5 concentrations, RH, and temperature. However, daily COVID-19 cases were negatively or poorly correlated with wind speed. COVID-19 pandemic is prominently affected by PM 2.5, while RH and temperature were found to be important meteorological factors significantly affecting its human-to-human transmission. This study may provide useful indications to regulatory bodies to modify environmental health policies.

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Is Meteorology a Factor to COVID-19 Spread in a Tropical Climate?

Cited by 3 publications

References 28 publications

COVID-19 Pandemic: Impacts on Air Quality during Partial Lockdown in the Metropolitan Area of São Paulo

COVID-19 Pandemic: Impacts on Air Quality during Partial Lockdown in the Metropolitan Area of São Paulo

Is ultraviolet Radiation a Confounding Variable for COVID-19 in India?

COVID-19 transmission due to interplay between PM2.5 and weather conditions

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