Is methylisothiazolinone contact allergy a risk factor for polysensitization?

Martín-Gorgojo, Alejandro; Curto‐Barredo, Laia; Rovira-López, Roger; Giménez-Arnau, A.M.

doi:10.1111/cod.12387

Cited by 11 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 2 publications

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“…The other strong association we found was with fragrances and Balsam of Per u, suggesting that multiple sensitizations to haptens contained in similar products are common. Similar concurrent sensitizations were reported by Schwensen et al, 17 Marrtin-Gorgojo et al 25 and Ponten et al 24 MCI/MI are not chemically related to formaldehyde 26 and there are no data available on crossreactivity between any fragrance and preservatives; moreover, our study confirms the results obtained by Pont en et al, 24 since the concurrent sensitizations are related to the presence of both haptens in the same products.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

Contact allergy to methylchloroisothiazolinone/methylisothiazolinone in north‐eastern Italy: a temporal trend from 1996 to 2016

Dusefante

Mauro

Fortina

et al. 2019

Acad Dermatol Venereol

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Background Methylchloroisothiazolinone (MCI)/methylisothiazolinone (MI) (Kathon â CG) is a common preservative used in industrial products, owing to its strong biocide effect. Contact allergy to MCI/MI has been reported in different occupations, including mechanics, hairdressers and healthcare workers. Objective To retrospectively analyse the temporal trend of MCI/MI sensitization in north-eastern Italy and to evaluate the associations with occupations in our geographical area.Methods From 1996 to 2016, 27 381 patients with suspected allergic contact dermatitis were patch tested in eight departments of Dermatology or Occupational Medicine in north-eastern Italy. Individual characteristics were collected through a standardized questionnaire. ResultsThe overall prevalence of MCI/MI sensitization was 4.2%, with the highest prevalence found in women and in patients younger than 25 years. MCI/MI sensitization was significantly associated with atopic eczema (OR: 1.34, 95% CI: 1.10-1.70), hand/forearm dermatitis (OR: 1.20, 95% CI: 1.05-1.36) and face dermatitis (OR 1.30, 95% CI: 1.10-1.40). There was a significant association between MCI/MI sensitization and chemical processing workers (OR 1.74, 95% CI:1.03-2.94), while mechanics and healthcare workers resulted more sensitized to this hapten only in the last 3 years.Conclusion Sensitization to MCI/MI is rising in the last years in Triveneto region, the 'epidemic' of sensitization to MCI/ MI is mainly driven by extra-occupational dermatitis, and sensitization in some occupational groups is emerging only in the last years. A full labelling is compulsory for all products that contain isothiazolinones, to permit to identify the culprit agent.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

Contact allergy to methylchloroisothiazolinone/methylisothiazolinone in north‐eastern Italy: a temporal trend from 1996 to 2016

Dusefante

Mauro

Fortina

et al. 2019

Acad Dermatol Venereol

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“…in several studies. [6][7][8] Through the 1980s, 1990s, and 2000s, MCI/MI has remained one of the most predominant preservative contact allergens with a stable prevalence of around 2% to 4%. 1 In the early 2000s, MI alone was introduced to industrial products and shortly thereafter, occupational cases of ACD were published.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Polysensitization may be an important factor among MCI and MI allergic patients. Interestingly, clinically relevant co‐sensitizers included fragrances and preservatives, frequent allergens in cosmetics that represent the most common source of contact allergy as reported in several studies …”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Contact allergy to isothiazolinones epidemic: Current situation

et al. 2019

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Background Since 2009, an increasing number of published cases of allergic contact dermatitis (ACD) from isothiazolinones in Europe was observed, amounting to an epidemic. However, only few studies have assessed the current situation after changes in European regulation. Objectives To analyze the incidence of isothiazolinone‐related ACD in our area in the last decade. Methods A retrospective study analyzed all patients patch tested in the allergy unit in a tertiary hospital in Spain between January 2010 and June 2019. Positive patch‐test reactions to methylchloroisothiazolinone (MCI)/methylisothiazolinone (MI) and/or MI alone were recorded. Results A total of 243 patients (9.55%) with positive patch‐test reactions to MCI/MI and/or MI alone among 2544 consecutively patch‐tested patients were recorded. An initial increase in the prevalence of MCI/MI allergy was observed, from 4.5% in 2010 reaching a peak in 2015, which was followed by a significant decrease until July 2019 with 3.1% prevalence in 2019. Conclusions As shown in our data, regulatory interventions have resulted in a dramatic decrease in the prevalence of MCI and MI ACD, reaching a pre‐epidemic level of 3.1% in 2019.

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“…This confirms the former experience that MI allergy is a risk factor in the development of polysensitization. This observation and the possibility of cross‐reactions between MI, MCI, and other isothiazolinones render this topic important also in the future …”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 95%