Is nano-TiO 2 alone an effective strategy for the maintenance of stones in Cultural Heritage?

Quagliarini, Enrico; Graziani, Lorenzo; Diso, D.; Licciulli, Antonio; D’Orazio, Marco

doi:10.1016/j.culher.2017.09.016

Cited by 39 publications

(37 citation statements)

References 34 publications

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“…This is not surprising. In fact, when TiO 2 is obscured by algae, it loses the photocatalytic properties because UV light does not reach titania particles, and the behavior of treated specimens is practically the same of untreated ones [22]. This is confirmed from the overlapping of the vertical bars (standard deviations) in Figure 2, which indicates the substantially equal behavior between treated and untreated specimens.…”

Section: Algal Coverage X(t) From Diasupporting

confidence: 71%

“…Besides, water was used as solvent so as to reduce the risk of exposition of hazardous materials and to eliminate the chemical action on stones. More details can be found in [22].…”

Section: Tested Materials and Nano-treatment Applicationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Experimental data necessary for the computation of Avrami's equation were supplied by [22], where an accelerated algal growth lab-scale test was performed by following [13,[23][24][25]45]. A brief summary of the experimental set-up is however reported in the following.…”

Section: Accelerated Biofouling Testmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…They seemed to be able to slow down algal biofouling when applied on low porous materials with smooth surfaces [22], even if algal growth is not inhibit on the substrate [13,[23][24][25] and to facilitate its removal on some substrates through the formation of a superficial water film [5].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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On the Modelling of Algal Biofouling Growth on Nano-TiO2 Coated and Uncoated Limestones and Sandstones

Graziani

Quagliarini

2018

Coatings

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Algal biofouling on archaeological and historic materials, as well as in modern building façade, is a common phenomenon that occurs when microorganisms of various nature adhere to the material, forming biological stains and patinas. It can significantly deteriorate the aesthetic and even mechanical quality of historic and archaeological artifacts. Thus, predicting the colonization progress of algae on treated and untreated materials can be helpful to establish appropriate schedules and methods of maintenance. In this way, the aim of this research was to modelize the algal colonization on nano-TiO 2 coated and uncoated stone surfaces, usually found in historic and archaeological artifacts, by following Avrami's theory. Particular attention was paid on correlating the model with some properties of the substrate, like roughness and porosity. Biofouling was tested on two sandstones and three limestone with different intrinsic characteristics (porosity, roughness) by means of an accelerated lab-scale test. A suspension of green alga Chlorella mirabilis and cyanobacteria Chroococcidiopsis fissurarum was used as biofouling. Digital image analysis was carried out in order to find the attachment rate and the growth of algal spots. Results show that the attachment specific rate increased linearly with time, and the assumption of a constant growth rate was acceptable. A good agreement between the simulation and the experimental results was obtained with a maximum error of 0.59%.

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Section: Algal Coverage X(t) From Diasupporting

confidence: 71%

“…Besides, water was used as solvent so as to reduce the risk of exposition of hazardous materials and to eliminate the chemical action on stones. More details can be found in [22].…”

Section: Tested Materials and Nano-treatment Applicationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Accelerated Biofouling Testmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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On the Modelling of Algal Biofouling Growth on Nano-TiO2 Coated and Uncoated Limestones and Sandstones

Graziani

Quagliarini

2018

Coatings

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“…Conservation strategies to reduce the degradation of stone caused by the action of water are being continuously developed. In this sense, new products and procedures have been recently designed to reduce the wetting ability of stone [2][3][4][5][6][7][8]. In the case of marble, research has been focused on the development of protective coatings [9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ultrafast Laser Surface Texturing: A Sustainable Tool to Modify Wettability Properties of Marble

et al. 2019

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Conservation strategies to reduce the degradation of stone caused by the action of water are focusing on increasing the hydrophobicity of the surface by imitating existing solutions in nature (lotus leafs and others). These are mainly based on the existence of hierarchical roughness with micro- and nanoscale structures. In the case of marble, research has focused on protective coatings that sometimes are dangerous for the health and the environment, and with undesirable effects such as color changes or reduction of water vapor permeability of the stone. Laser texturing, however, is an environmentally friendly technique, because no chemicals or toxic waste are added and, moreover, it can process nearly all types of materials. It has been used to change the surface texture of metals and other materials on a micro or even nanometric scale, to meet a specific functional requirement, such as hydrophobicity. The objective of this work was to analyze the feasibility of this technique to provide hydrophobic properties to a marble surface without appreciable changes in its appearance. Therefore, an analysis of the irradiation parameters with ultra-short-pulse laser was performed. Preliminary results demonstrate the ability of this technique to provide hydrophobic character the marble (contact angles well above 90 ∘ ). Besides, the analysis of the treated surfaces in terms of roughness, color and gloss indicates that changes in the appearance of the surface are minimal when properly selecting the process parameters.

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Present Status and Perspectives of Graphene and Graphene‐related Materials in Cultural Heritage

Galvagno,

Tartaglia,

Stratigaki

et al. 2024

Adv Funct Materials

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Cultural heritage faces recurring degradation processes and natural aging phenomena, demanding the envisioning of innovative preservation solutions inspired by cutting‐edge scientific research. Over extended time frames, current preservation strategies often prove inadequate in preserving the different constituent materials of cultural assets, which are thus threatened by their inherent fragility and by the complex interactions with the surrounding environment. The distinctive properties of graphene and graphene‐related materials (GRMs) now offer unexplored opportunities in the field of cultural heritage, addressing various forms of deterioration phenomena. This work critically analyzes early‐stage literature on the use of graphene and GRMs. Strengths, weaknesses, and limitations in anti‐corrosion, anti‐fading, and consolidation properties of graphene and GRMs are thoroughly investigated, along with their possible applications in smart sensors to monitor the state of health of endangered artifacts. The aim is to elucidate how specific characteristics of graphene and GRMs can be applied to the conservation, diagnostics, and monitoring of artistic and archaeological assets. Future perspectives in the design of stable, long‐lasting, and compatible graphene‐based solutions for cultural heritage protection are highlighted, providing a detailed discussion on potentials and pitfalls.

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Is nano-TiO 2 alone an effective strategy for the maintenance of stones in Cultural Heritage?

Cited by 39 publications

References 34 publications

On the Modelling of Algal Biofouling Growth on Nano-TiO2 Coated and Uncoated Limestones and Sandstones

On the Modelling of Algal Biofouling Growth on Nano-TiO2 Coated and Uncoated Limestones and Sandstones

Ultrafast Laser Surface Texturing: A Sustainable Tool to Modify Wettability Properties of Marble

Present Status and Perspectives of Graphene and Graphene‐related Materials in Cultural Heritage

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