Is nitrogen transfer among plants enhanced by contrasting nutrient‐acquisition strategies?

Teste, François P.; Veneklaas, Erik J.; Dixon, Kingsley W.; Lambers, Hans

doi:10.1111/pce.12367

Cited by 32 publications

(36 citation statements)

References 70 publications

(157 reference statements)

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“…However, while liberal movement of N seems to occur in the system observed here (Fig. a) which should help sustaining biodiversity (Teste et al ), it is known that A. longifolia decreases biodiversity during invasion by increasing monospecific plant cover and outcompeting the native vegetation (Marchante et al , Hellmann et al ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 69%

“…a). There is evidence that increased turnover and liberal movement of N between plants could be a mean to decrease competition and increase plant aggregation in a situation where N and P are co‐limiting (Teste et al ). Indeed, Mediterranean dunes are known to be both very N and P limited (Martínez et al ) and extractable P levels of the soil measured here (Table ) were half of those reported earlier for similar systems (Marchante et al ), thus being indicative of severely nutrient‐ deficient soil (Funk ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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N/P imbalance as a key driver for the invasion of oligotrophic dune systems by a woody legume

Ulm

Hellmann

Cruz

et al. 2016

Oikos

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Oligotrophic ecosystems, previously considered to be more resilient to invasive plants, are now recognised to be highly vulnerable to invasions. In these systems, woody legumes show belowground ecosystem engineering characteristics that enable invasion, however, the underlying processes are not well understood. Using a Portuguese primary dune ecosystem as an oligotrophic model system, belowground biomass pools, turnover rates and stoichiometry of a native (Stauracanthus spectabilis) and an invasive legume (Acacia longifolia) were compared and related to changes in the foliage of the surrounding native (Corema album) vegetation.We hypothesized that the invasive legume requires less phosphorus per unit of biomass produced and exhibits an enhanced nutrient turnover compared to the native vegetation, which could drive invasion by inducing a systemic N/P imbalance.Compared with the native legumes, A. longifolia plants had larger canopies, higher SOM levels and lower tissue P concentrations. These attributes were strongly related to legume influence as measured by increased foliar N content and less depleted d 15 N signatures in the surrounding C. album vegetation. Furthermore, higher root N concentration and increased nutrient turnover in the rhizosphere of the invader were associated with depleted foliar P in C. album.Our results emphasize that while A. longifolia itself maintains an efficient phosphorus use in biomass production, at the same time it exerts a strong impact on the N/P balance of the native system. Moreover, this study highlights the engineering of a belowground structure of roots and rhizosphere as a crucial driver for invasion, due to its central role in nutrient turnover. These findings provide new evidence that, under nutrient-limited conditions, considering co-limitation and nutrient cycling in oligotrophic systems is essential to understand the engineering character of invasive woody legumes.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 69%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

N/P imbalance as a key driver for the invasion of oligotrophic dune systems by a woody legume

Ulm

Hellmann

Cruz

et al. 2016

Oikos

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“…Several studies, however, have demonstrated that the hyphae of AM fungi grow into organic patches of varying complexity and transfer 15 N from these organic patches to their host plant [104,105], and that this can lead to higher plant N contents [106]. When the fungus had access to organic patches that were labelled with 15 N and 13 C, the fungal ERM got only enriched with 15 N, but not with 13 C. This confirms that AM fungi do not have saprophytic capabilities and that the fungus acquires 15 N from these organic patches likely as a decomposition product [105]. However, even if AM fungi themselves do not act as decomposers, AM fungi accelerate the N mineralization from organic matter [107] and affect the carbon flow through soil microbial communities during decomposition [108].…”

Section: Uptake Of Organic N By Hyphaementioning

confidence: 99%

“…These many-to-many interactions allow both partners in the symbiosis to choose among multiple trading partners but also force both partners to compete with other partners for nutrient or carbon resources [12,13]. CMNs play a key role for the long distance transport of nutrients, water, stress chemicals and allelochemicals and allow the interconnected host plants to "communicate" with other plants within their CMN [14][15][16][17][18]. CMNs have also been discussed as a pathway for the transport of N from donor to recipient plants [19].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Role of Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi in the Nitrogen Uptake of Plants: Current Knowledge and Research Gaps

2015

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Arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungi play an essential role for the nutrient uptake of the majority of land plants, including many important crop species. The extraradical mycelium of the fungus takes up nutrients from the soil, transfers these nutrients to the intraradical mycelium within the host root, and exchanges the nutrients against carbon from the host across a specialized plant-fungal interface. The contribution of the AM symbiosis to the phosphate nutrition has long been known, but whether AM fungi contribute similarly to the nitrogen nutrition of their host is still controversially discussed. However, there is a growing body of evidence that demonstrates that AM fungi can actively transfer nitrogen to their host, and that the host plant with its carbon supply stimulates this transport, and that the periarbuscular membrane of the host is able to facilitate the active uptake of nitrogen from the mycorrhizal interface. In this review, our current knowledge about nitrogen transport through the fungal hyphae and across the mycorrhizal interface is summarized, and we discuss the regulation of these pathways and major research gaps.

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“…Legumes increase available nitrogen for companion non‐legumes, potentially via nitrogen sparing (Rasmussen et al ), which could rapidly lead to an autogenically influenced ecosystem. Mycorrhizal networks like those of arbuscular mycorrhizae can lead to a better nitrogen supply for neighboring plants by co‐occurance (He et al ; Teste et al ). Roots of the three investigated species in our study had very low mycorrhizal intensity.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Linkage between root systems of three pioneer plant species and soil nitrogen during early reclamation of a mine site in Lusatia, Germany

Boldt‐Burisch

Naeth

Schneider

et al. 2015

Restoration Ecology

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In 2005, a 7‐ha artificial watershed (Chicken Creek) was built on a post mined landscape in Lusatia, Germany from sandy substrates of Pleistocene origin, commonly used in reclamation. The watershed was developed to investigate the initial phase of soil and ecosystem development under natural conditions. At this early stage, mineral nitrogen in young sandy soils is primarily limited and nitrogen fixing legumes become key components of natural succession. Local abundant pioneering legumes Lotus corniculatus and Trifolium arvense and one pioneer grass species Calamagrostis epigeios were investigated 5 years after watershed construction. In this study, we investigated the influence of spatial root and nodule distribution of these species on soil nitrogen accumulation. Soil, including roots, was sampled from field monoliths covered with the aforementioned plant species. Root systems of both legumes were mainly restricted to the upper 20 cm of soil, whereas roots of C. epigeios also developed strongly at greater depths. A positive relationship was found, with higher plant densities associated with higher root densities which were associated with higher nodule densities for legumes and which were all associated with significantly higher soil nitrogen content relative to non‐vegetated areas. This research provides rare information on the role root systems of pioneer legumes play in soil nitrogen input in the early stage of soil and ecosystem development during revegetation by natural succession.

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Is nitrogen transfer among plants enhanced by contrasting nutrient‐acquisition strategies?

Cited by 32 publications

References 70 publications

N/P imbalance as a key driver for the invasion of oligotrophic dune systems by a woody legume

N/P imbalance as a key driver for the invasion of oligotrophic dune systems by a woody legume

Role of Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi in the Nitrogen Uptake of Plants: Current Knowledge and Research Gaps

Linkage between root systems of three pioneer plant species and soil nitrogen during early reclamation of a mine site in Lusatia, Germany

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