Is obesity caused by an adenovirus?

Dhurandhar, Nikhil V.

doi:10.1586/eri.12.41

Cited by 13 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 30 publications

(52 reference statements)

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“…Moreover, multiple factors ranging from genetics to biology and behavior may contribute to obesity in an individual and they may vary between individuals, making it difficult to isolate the relative contribution of any single factor. Therefore, the question of whether Ad-36 contributes to human obesity has remained incompletely answered, although some investigators seem to be progressing in the right direction [21]. …”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Adenovirus-36 Seropositivity and Its Relation with Obesity and Metabolic Profile in Children

Parra‐Rojas

Moral-Hernández

Salgado-Bernabé

et al. 2013

International Journal of Endocrinology

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The human adenovirus 36 (Ad-36) is causally and correlatively associated in animals and humans, respectively, with increased adiposity and altered metabolic profile. In previous studies, the relationship between Ad-36 seropositivity with obesity was established in adults and children. We evaluated the association of positive antibodies to Ad-36 with obesity and metabolic profile in Mexican children. Seventy-five children with normal-weight and 82 with obesity were studied in this research. All children had a clinic assessment which included weight, height, body circumferences, and skinfold thickness. Laboratory analyzes included triglycerides, total cholesterol, high-density lipoprotein, low-density lipoprotein, and glucose and insulin levels. An enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was used to determine the antibodies to Ad-36 in the serum samples. The overall Ad-36 seroprevalence was 73.9%. Ad-36 seropositivity had a higher prevalence in obese children than in normal weight group (58.6 versus 41.4%, P = 0.007). Ad-36 seropositivity was associated with obesity (OR = 2.66, P = 0.01) and high-density lipoprotein <40 mg/dL (OR = 2.85, P = 0.03). The Ad-36 seropositive group had greater risk of 4 metabolic abnormalities compared with those children without none alteration. In summary, Ad-36 seropositivity was associated with obesity and low HDL-c levels in the sample of children studied.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Adenovirus-36 Seropositivity and Its Relation with Obesity and Metabolic Profile in Children

Parra‐Rojas

Moral-Hernández

Salgado-Bernabé

et al. 2013

International Journal of Endocrinology

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“…For example, a recent systematic review found that except for genetics and low levels of PA, the evidence was mixed about the relationships among sedentary behaviours, dietary intake, family factors, the community PA environment and adiposity . More recently, non‐obvious influences on energy balance have been proposed as possible causes of obesity including epigenetics , prenatal and maternal factors , viruses , inadequate sleep , exposure to light and, most recently, the gut microbiome . Even the simplicity of the energy balance model has been placed in question as the complex interactions between specific types of foods, nutrients, hormonal responses and metabolic processes become better understood .…”

Section: Paediatric Obesity In Contextmentioning

confidence: 99%

Should the IDEFICS outcomes have been expected?

Baranowski

Lytle

2015

Obesity Reviews

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SummaryThe Identification and prevention of Dietary-and lifestyle-induced health EFfects In Children and infantS (IDEFICS) study evaluated with a large sample a comprehensive carefully planned obesity prevention intervention targeting multiple levels of influence that were culturally adapted to the situations in eight European countries. Despite the great effort and attention to detail, the IDEFICS study did not achieve its targeted adiposity or behaviour change objectives. Should we be surprised that the IDEFICS trial did not have its intended effects? We think not, and would have been surprised if it did. Recent research has revealed the lack of consistent meaningful relationships between several apparently obesogenic behaviours and adiposity, weak or no relationships among behavioural change procedures, mediating variables and targeted behaviours and inadequate attention to moderating effects. Future obesity prevention interventions would benefit from a more thorough understanding of the complex relationships that have been hypothesized and the interrelationships with biological factors. While systems modelling has been proposed as providing the solution, important less complex identification of new constructs, new relationships and community interventions are still needed, both to find innovative solutions and to provide input into the systems models. We should question results from cross-sectional studies and be satisfied only with longitudinal or experimental tests of relationships.

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“…Adenoviruses are the only infective agents reported to be linked with adiposity in both experimental animal models and naturally infected humans [ 22 ].…”

Section: Association Of Viral Infections With Obesity In Animal Momentioning

confidence: 99%

Adenovirus 36 and Obesity: An Overview

Ponterio

Gnessi

2015

Viruses

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There is an epidemic of obesity starting about 1980 in both developed and undeveloped countries definitely associated with multiple etiologies. About 670 million people worldwide are obese. The incidence of obesity has increased in all age groups, including children. Obesity causes numerous diseases and the interaction between genetic, metabolic, social, cultural and environmental factors are possible cofactors for the development of obesity. Evidence emerging over the last 20 years supports the hypothesis that viral infections may be associated with obesity in animals and humans. The most widely studied infectious agent possibly linked to obesity is adenovirus 36 (Adv36). Adv36 causes obesity in animals. In humans, Adv36 associates with obesity both in adults and children and the prevalence of Adv36 increases in relation to the body mass index. In vivo and in vitro studies have shown that the viral E4orf1 protein (early region 4 open reading frame 1, Adv) mediates the Adv36 effect including its adipogenic potential. The Adv36 infection should therefore be considered as a possible risk factor for obesity and could be a potential new therapeutic target in addition to an original way to understand the worldwide rise of the epidemic of obesity. Here, the data indicating a possible link between viral infection and obesity with a particular emphasis to the Adv36 will be reviewed.

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Is obesity caused by an adenovirus?

Cited by 13 publications

References 30 publications

Adenovirus-36 Seropositivity and Its Relation with Obesity and Metabolic Profile in Children

Adenovirus-36 Seropositivity and Its Relation with Obesity and Metabolic Profile in Children

Should the IDEFICS outcomes have been expected?

Adenovirus 36 and Obesity: An Overview

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