Is Porphyromonas gingivalis involved in Parkinson’s disease?

Olsen, Ingar; Kell, Douglas B.

doi:10.1007/s10096-020-03944-2

Cited by 27 publications

(32 citation statements)

References 61 publications

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“…377 A recent hypothesis is that besides causing oxidative stress, iron dyshomeostasis reactivates dormant microbes in the gut and other tissues, which results in systemic inflammation as well as shedding of potent inflammagens, such as lipopolysaccharides, which along with genetic susceptibilities play a key role in the pathogenesis of AD (as well as other neurodegenerative diseases, such as PD). [378][379][380][381][382] Inflammation resulting from microbial products causes cell damage releasing ferritin, which may provide an explanation for elevated serum ferritin in AD. Therefore, while serum ferritin can represent a measure of liver iron and intracellular iron content, it may also a be a marker of inflammation.…”

Section: Age-associated Neurodegenerative Diseasesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Overdosing on iron: Elevated iron and degenerative brain disorders

D’Mello¹,

Kindy

2020

Exp Biol Med (Maywood)

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All cells in organisms ranging from yeast to humans utilize iron as a cofactor or structural element of proteins that function in diverse and critical cellular functions. However, deregulation of the homeostatic mechanisms regulating iron metabolism resulting in a reduction or excess of iron within the cell or outside of it can have serious effects to the health of cells and the organism. This review provides a brief overview of the molecular and cellular mechanisms regulating iron physiology, including the molecules and processes regulating iron uptake, its storage and utilization, its recycling, and its release from the cell, such that the cellular iron levels are sufficient to meet metabolic demand but below those that cause permanent damage. The major focus of review is on the pathological consequences of dysregulation of these homeostatic mechanisms, focusing on the brain. Current advances on the role of iron accumulation to the pathogenesis of rare neurological disorders caused by genetic mutations as well as to the more prevalent and age-associated neurodegenerative diseases are described. Impact statement Brain degenerative disorders, which include some neurodevelopmental disorders and age-associated diseases, cause debilitating neurological deficits and are generally fatal. A large body of emerging evidence indicates that iron accumulation in neurons within specific regions of the brain plays an important role in the pathogenesis of many of these disorders. Iron homeostasis is a highly complex and incompletely understood process involving a large number of regulatory molecules. Our review provides a description of what is known about how iron is obtained by the body and brain and how defects in the homeostatic processes could contribute to the development of brain diseases, focusing on Alzheimer’s disease and Parkinson’s disease as well as four other disorders belonging to a class of inherited conditions referred to as neurodegeneration based on iron accumulation (NBIA) disorders. A description of potential therapeutic approaches being tested for each of these different disorders is provided.

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Section: Age-associated Neurodegenerative Diseasesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Overdosing on iron: Elevated iron and degenerative brain disorders

D’Mello¹,

Kindy

2020

Exp Biol Med (Maywood)

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“…In order to induce accumulation of Aβ, NF-κB-dependent cathepsin (Cat) B was needed for cleaving pro-IL-1 β and processing AβPP [35]. This probably caused presence of amyloid (fibrin (ogen) in the blood plasma of these patients, which may have affected the development of PD [11,43].…”

Section: Relationship Between Porphyromonas Gingivalis and Amyloidosismentioning

confidence: 99%

“…recent study reported major virulence factors of P. gingivalis such as gingipain R1 (RgpA) and LPS in the circulation of PD patients[11]. This may have induced systemic inflammation, hyper coagulation, presence of amyloid (fibrin (ogen) in plasma and ultrastructural changes in the blood platelets of these patients[11,43].Possible role of amyloidosis in Alzheimer's diseaseIn AD, accumulation of amyloid beta (Aβ) and neurofibrillary tangles are major characteristics in the brain. Aβ is considered as a neurotoxic peptide[50].…”

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confidence: 99%

Possible Link between Porphyromonas gingivalis and Amyloidosis in the Pathogenesis of Alzheimer’s and Parkinson’s Disease.

2020

ijpi

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Alzheimer’s disease (AD) and Parkinson’s disease (PD) are the two most common neurological conditions in man. Amyloidosis and neuro-inflammation are central to the pathology of both these diseases. The systemic inflammatory nature of both these conditions and particularly the origin of both the systemic inflammation and neuro-inflammation are becoming most relevant in pursuing effective treatment regimes. In this review, the link between periodontitis and AD and PD is discussed emphasizing the role of amyloidosis. Attention is also drawn to how the keystone bacterium in periodontitis, Porphyromonas gingivalis and its cellular inflammagens e.g. lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and proteases (gingipains), may play a crucial role in driving systemic inflammation and neuroinflammation. Treatment and prophylaxis of AD and PD are also discussed.

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“…It is universally expressed in our cells and it is involved in a variety of physiological processes, including the innate immune response [41][42], and the chemical metabolism of xenobiotics [43]. Relevant scientific proves [44][45][46][47][48][49][50] have been brought in the latest years for the link between exposure to the pollution with those respirable particles containing those groups of substances and a plethora of diseases due to the dysregulation of defense mechanisms. The common sense rule points towards the fact that the more a pollutant processing biological entity is expressed in more different body cells the greater are chances that the homeostatic equilibrium to be disturbed somewhere down the road, when body clearance of the processed pollutant or its metabolites cannot be done properly.…”

Section: Pollution Landfill Effectsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This is a bacterium present almost always in subgingival plaque in periodontitis. Recent studies reported that it can be linked to the clinical pathological conditions like systemic inflammation, hypercoagulation, presence of amyloid fibrin (ogen) in plasma as well as structural changes in platelets, manifest in Parkinson disease patients [48,49]. Metal biochemistry in living organisms is governed especially by coordinative chemistry that allows the flexibility to realise local bonds depending on the cell necessities, assuring the extraordinary dynamics required by the energetic biochemical reactions.…”

Section: Pollutantsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Adequate Pollution Management - A Must for Implementation of ‘One Health’ Concept

Arama

Kim

Niță-Lazăr

et al. 2020

RJEEC

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The paper focused on the possible links among pollution, pollution management efficiency including waste management and the propensity of a variety of emerging diseases in our society by answering the question: “How pollution can affect human health?” Environmental pollution is a reality and our planet ecosystem possibilities to face the challenges due to the constant exceeding its resilience are becoming smaller and smaller. The evolution of the climate change indicators like global temperature, global CO2 emissions, oceans acidification and species extinction point out that in a not very long period of time, the planet will not be able to sustain any more the present society’s life style set by the current economic development. Therefore, many warning signals have been issued to change the present behavior in order to reduce significant damages done to the environment and on human health with serious implications on the dysregulation of our immunity and the onset of a plethora of diseases. In this respect, the present paper reviewed relevant aspects linked to the environmental pollution issues that become part of scientific and public debates presented in specialty literature in recent years emphasizing why the implementation of “One Health” concept is necessary.

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Is Porphyromonas gingivalis involved in Parkinson’s disease?

Cited by 27 publications

References 61 publications

Overdosing on iron: Elevated iron and degenerative brain disorders

Overdosing on iron: Elevated iron and degenerative brain disorders

Possible Link between Porphyromonas gingivalis and Amyloidosis in the Pathogenesis of Alzheimer’s and Parkinson’s Disease.

Adequate Pollution Management - A Must for Implementation of ‘One Health’ Concept

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