Is quantity of protein in barley forms determined by proteins localized in the subaleurone layer?

Macewicz, J.; Orzechowski, Sławomir; ska, Urszula Dobrzy; Haebel, Sophie

doi:10.1007/bf02706623

Cited by 4 publications

(2 citation statements)

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“…A study from scanning electron microscopy and mass spectrometry suggests that the structure of the aleurone layer storing large quantities of protein did not differ between the high- and low-protein forms of barley biotypes. However, the quantity of protein in barley is determined by proteins localized in the sub-aleurone layer [69] . Two proteins, B3-hordein and Z-type serpin present in the sub-aleurone layer make the biggest quantitative difference between high- and low-protein kernels in forms of barley.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Zn Fertilization on Hordein Transcripts at Early Developmental Stage of Barley Grain and Correlation with Increased Zn Concentration in the Mature Grain

2014

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Zinc deficiency is causing malnutrition for nearly one third of world populations. It is especially relevant in cereal-based diets in which low amounts of mineral and protein are present. In biological systems, Zn is mainly associated with protein. Cereal grains contain the highest Zn concentration during early developmental stage. Although hordeins are the major storage proteins in the mature barley grain and suggested to be involved in Zn binding, very little information is available regarding the Zn fertilization effects of hordein transcripts at early developmental stage and possible incorporation of Zn with hordein protein of matured grain. Zinc fertilization experiments were conducted in a greenhouse with barley cv. Golden Promise. Zn concentration of the matured grain was measured and the results showed that the increasing Zn fertilization increased grain Zn concentration. Quantitative real time PCR showed increased level of total hordein transcripts upon increasing level of Zn fertilization at 10 days after pollination. Among the hordein transcripts the amount of B-hordeins was highly correlated with the Zn concentration of matured grain. In addition, protein content of the matured grain was analysed and a positive linear relationship was found between the percentage of B-hordein and total grain Zn concentration while C-hordein level decreased. Zn sensing dithizone assay was applied to localize Zn in the matured grain. The Zn distribution was not limited to the embryo and aleurone layer but was also present in the outer part of the endosperm (sub-aleurone layers) which known to be rich in proteins including B-hordeins. Increased Zn fertilization enriched Zn even in the endosperm. Therefore, the increased amount of B-hordein and decreased C-hordein content suggested that B-hordein upregulation or difference between B and C hordein could be one of the key factors for Zn biofortification of cereal grains due to the Zn fertilization.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Zn Fertilization on Hordein Transcripts at Early Developmental Stage of Barley Grain and Correlation with Increased Zn Concentration in the Mature Grain

2014

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“…The molecular masses of the obtained peptides were analysed using MALDI-TOF mass spectrometry. The results were analysed in silico using a procedure similar to that described previously (Ritte et al 2000;Macewicz et al 2006). A search of the accessible sequence databases resulted in sequence coverage at 31 %, and 33 out of 68 searched peptide masses matched StGWD3.…”

Section: In Situ Rt-pcrmentioning

confidence: 99%

Analysis of the expression, subcellular and tissue localisation of phosphoglucan, water dikinase (PWD/GWD3) in Solanum tuberosum L.: a bioinformatics approach for the comparative analysis of two α-glucan, water dikinases (GWDs) from Solanum tuberosum L.

et al. 2012

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Analysis of the expression, subcellular and tissue localisation of phosphoglucan, water dikinase (PWD/GWD3) in Solanum tuberosum L.: a bioinformatics approach for the comparative analysis of two a-glucan, water dikinases (GWDs) from Solanum tuberosum L. Abstract There are several important factors affecting the rate of starch decomposition in plants, including the circadian clock, the regulation of gene expression, the regulation of enzyme activities and starch phosphorylation by glucan, water dikinase activities (GWDs). One isoform of glucan, water dikinase named GWD3 or PWD (EC 2.7.9.5) was isolated for the first time from Arabidopsis thaliana, and now we report its isolation and identification in Solanum tuberosum L. leaves and tubers. We compare StGWD3 sequence to the other GWDs sequences using bioinformatics tools and propose also structural models for the starch-binding domains in StGWD3 and StGWD1. The StGWD3 gene expression and protein were localised in different heterotrophic and autotrophic potato tissues and organs using in situ RT-PCR and immunolocalisation methods, respectively. Diurnal changes in the transcript abundance of StGWD3 in leaves were analysed using quantitative real-time PCR and they appeared to be typical for most genes involved in starch degradation in chloroplasts.Keywords Starch degradation Á Cold-sweetening Á Potato Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article

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Chemical Composition in Barley Grains and Malt Quality

Fox

2009

Advanced Topics in Science and Technology in China

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Is quantity of protein in barley forms determined by proteins localized in the subaleurone layer?

Cited by 4 publications

References 10 publications

Effects of Zn Fertilization on Hordein Transcripts at Early Developmental Stage of Barley Grain and Correlation with Increased Zn Concentration in the Mature Grain

Effects of Zn Fertilization on Hordein Transcripts at Early Developmental Stage of Barley Grain and Correlation with Increased Zn Concentration in the Mature Grain

Analysis of the expression, subcellular and tissue localisation of phosphoglucan, water dikinase (PWD/GWD3) in Solanum tuberosum L.: a bioinformatics approach for the comparative analysis of two α-glucan, water dikinases (GWDs) from Solanum tuberosum L.

Chemical Composition in Barley Grains and Malt Quality

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