Is rape a crime in Japan?

Abstract

Japan is often said to have one of the lowest rape rates in the world, and Japanese police claim to solve 97 percent of rape cases. But in reality, only 5–10 percent of rape victims report it to police, and police record half or less of reported cases while prosecutors charge about one-third of recorded cases. The result of this process of caseload attrition is that for every 1,000 rapes in Japan, only 10–20 result in a criminal conviction – and fewer than half of convicted rapists are incarcerated. Similar patterns characterize Japan's criminal justice response to other sex crimes. This article shows that impunity for sex offenders is extremely common in Japan, and it argues that patriarchal social and legal norms help explain this pattern.

Comparing Attitudes toward Sexual Consent between Japan and Canada

“…However, the contribution of the previous study is that it showed that the national difference in perceived appropriateness of punishment is partially explained by perceived victim's consent. Existing studies of rape in Japan have indicated that misconceptions about consent are common in Japan [10,38]. Finding that consent plays a role in determining punishment in such a society would shed a different light on sexual violence in Japan.…”