Is Rehearsal an Effective Maintenance Strategy for Working Memory?

Oberauer, Klaus

doi:10.1016/j.tics.2019.06.002

Cited by 68 publications

(47 citation statements)

References 53 publications

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“…Before completing the main experimental trials, observers completed 16 practice trials that were identical to the main experimental trials, except that the empty grids remained in their original quadrants instead of moving to new locations. Although verbal rehearsal strategies do not typically improve working memory capacity (Oberauer, 2019) and would have influenced within and between-hemifield trials equally, observers were nonetheless asked to avoid verbal rehearsal strategies using the following instructions: "We are specifically interested in studying visual memory, so please DO NOT use any verbal strategies to complete the task. If you find yourself using verbal strategies (such as talking to yourself or saying words in your head), try repeating a simple word (like "the") to yourself in your head.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hemifield-specific control of spatial attention and working memory: Evidence from hemifield crossover costs

Strong

Alvarez

2020

Journal of Vision

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Attentional tracking and working memory tasks are often performed better when targets are divided evenly between the left and right visual hemifields, rather than contained within a single hemifield (Alvarez & Cavanagh, 2005; Delvenne, 2005). However, this bilateral field advantage does not provide conclusive evidence of hemifield-specific control of attention and working memory, because it can be explained solely from hemifield-limited spatial interference at early stages of visual processing. If control of attention and working memory is specific to each hemifield, maintaining target information should become more difficult as targets move between the two hemifields. Observers in the present study maintained targets that moved either within or between the left and right hemifields, using either attention (Experiment 1) or working memory (Experiment 2). Maintaining spatial information was more difficult when target items moved between the hemifields compared with when target items moved within their original hemifields, consistent with hemifield-specific control of spatial attention and working memory. However, this pattern was not found for maintaining identity information (e.g., color) in working memory (Experiment 3). Together, these results provide evidence that control of spatial attention and working memory is specific to each hemifield, and that hemifield-specific control is a unique signature of spatial processing.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hemifield-specific control of spatial attention and working memory: Evidence from hemifield crossover costs

Strong

Alvarez

2020

Journal of Vision

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Before completing the main experimental trials, observers completed 16 practice trials that were identical to the main experimental trials, except that the empty grids remained in their original quadrants instead of moving to new locations. Though verbal rehearsal strategies do not typically improve working memory capacity (Oberauer, 2019) and would have influenced within and between-hemifield trials equally, observers were nonetheless asked to avoid verbal rehearsal strategies using the following instructions: "We are specifically interested in studying visual memory, so please DO NOT use any verbal strategies to complete the task. If you find yourself using verbal strategies (such as talking to yourself or saying words in your head), try repeating a simple word (like "the") to yourself in your head.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hemifield-specific control of spatial attention and working memory: Evidence from hemifield crossover costs

Strong,

Alvarez

2019

Preprint

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Attentional tracking and working memory tasks are often performed better when targets are divided evenly between the left and right visual hemifields, rather than contained within a single hemifield (Alvarez & Cavanagh, 2005; Delvenne, 2005). However, this bilateral field advantage does not provide conclusive evidence of hemifield-specific control of attention and working memory, as it can be explained solely from hemifield-limited spatial interference at early stages of visual processing. If control of attention and working memory is specific to each hemifield, maintaining target information should become more difficult as targets move between the two hemifields. Observers in the present study maintained targets that moved either within or between the left and right hemifields, using either attention (Experiment 1) or working memory (Experiment 2). Maintaining spatial information was more difficult when target items moved between the hemifields compared to when target items moved within their original hemifields, consistent with hemifield-specific control of spatial attention and working memory. However, this pattern was not found for maintaining identity information (e.g., color) in working memory (Experiment 3). Together, these results provide evidence that control of spatial attention and working memory is specific to each hemifield, and that hemifield-specific control is a unique signature of spatial processing.

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“…Moreover, it is not clear whether people even engage in refreshing spontaneously during a WM task (Oberauer, 2019a;Vergauwe et al, 2016).…”

Section: Reactivated Visual Masks Do Not Disrupt Serial Recallmentioning

confidence: 99%

Reactivated visual masks do not disrupt serial recall. A failed Replication of Rey et al. 2018.

Bartsch

Oberauer

2020

Preprint

Self Cite

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The process of spontaneous refreshing plays a central role in current models of working memory but is yet to be observed directly. In a recent study, Rey and colleagues (Rey, Versace, & Plancher, 2018) introduced a novel approach to investigate the mechanisms underlying refreshing: They presented tones previously associated with a visual mask during the free time of a complex span task, and found that this impaired memory, presumably because reactivation of the masks disrupts refreshing. Here we aimed to replicate their finding under more controlled settings with more observations per participant. We failed to replicate the previous findings, thereby questioning the robustness of the original effect.

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Is Rehearsal an Effective Maintenance Strategy for Working Memory?

Cited by 68 publications

References 53 publications

Hemifield-specific control of spatial attention and working memory: Evidence from hemifield crossover costs

Hemifield-specific control of spatial attention and working memory: Evidence from hemifield crossover costs

Hemifield-specific control of spatial attention and working memory: Evidence from hemifield crossover costs

Reactivated visual masks do not disrupt serial recall. A failed Replication of Rey et al. 2018.

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