2012
DOI: 10.1016/j.apmr.2012.02.005
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Is Spastic Muscle Echo Intensity Related to the Response to Botulinum Toxin Type A in Patients With Stroke? A Cohort Study

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Cited by 67 publications
(49 citation statements)
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“…In the authors' view, one of the main reasons that may explain the discrepancy between the greater effectiveness of ES vs. MNP in children with cerebral palsy 6 and the lack of significant differences documented in this study comparing the two techniques in adults with stroke is the greater muscle mass in adults when compared with pediatric patients, which would result in an increased accuracy of MNP to a level similar to that of ES. Moreover, it may be hypothesized that, as recently reported in literature, 20 the development of tissue fibrosis and muscle atrophy may have played a role in adults with spastic equinus after stroke vs. pediatric population.…”
Section: Injection For Spasticity In Gastrocnemiusmentioning
confidence: 95%
“…In the authors' view, one of the main reasons that may explain the discrepancy between the greater effectiveness of ES vs. MNP in children with cerebral palsy 6 and the lack of significant differences documented in this study comparing the two techniques in adults with stroke is the greater muscle mass in adults when compared with pediatric patients, which would result in an increased accuracy of MNP to a level similar to that of ES. Moreover, it may be hypothesized that, as recently reported in literature, 20 the development of tissue fibrosis and muscle atrophy may have played a role in adults with spastic equinus after stroke vs. pediatric population.…”
Section: Injection For Spasticity In Gastrocnemiusmentioning
confidence: 95%
“…Spasticity leads to changes in the muscle structure by increasing intramuscular connective tissue and fat content (Gracies, 2005 a, b). This disruption of the normal muscle architecture increases spastic muscle echo intensity (Picelli et al, 2012), which correlates with muscle thickness, pennation angle and compound motor action potential (CMAP) amplitude in patients with chronic stroke (Picelli et al, 2014 b). The nerve conduction study (NCS) technique has never been used in parallel with nerve ultrasound (US) in stroke patients, even though NCS parameters have been reported to be altered after stroke (van Kuijk et al, 2007;Paoloni et al, 2010) and the combined use of these techniques could offer complementary anatomical information.…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…USG ve EMG-ES gibi yardımcı ekipmanlar, kasların motor son plaklarına yakın lokalizasyonlarda enjeksiyon yapılmasını sağlayarak uygulanan BTX-A'nın etkinliğini artıracaktır ve aynı zamanda gelişebilecek yan etkilerde azaltılmış olacaktır (11) . Spastisite nedeniyle kaslarda atrofi gelişir ve kas içerisinde bağ ve yağ dokusu miktarları artar (12)(13)(14) . Üstelik Henzel ve ark.…”
Section: Discussionunclassified