Is Submarine Groundwater Discharge (SGD) Important for the Historical Fish Kills and Harmful Algal Bloom Events of Mobile Bay?

Montiel, Daniel; Lamore, Alexander F.; Stewart, Jackson; Dimova, Natasha

doi:10.1007/s12237-018-0485-5

Cited by 34 publications

(32 citation statements)

References 93 publications

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“…These results are consistent with the inverse relationship between latitude, and both δ 18 O and δD of meteoric precipitation (Bowen and Wilkinson, 2002;Dansgaard, 1964;Killops and Killops, 2013), and the more northerly origin of waters of the Mississippi River basin versus the local rivers. Finally, δ 18 O LR and δD LR are in agreement with recently published stable isotope signature of freshwater source to Mobile Bay (Montiel et al, 2018).…”

Section: δ 18 O and δD Relationshipsupporting

confidence: 90%

“…The numerous smaller rivers that discharge into the Mississippi Sound include the Jourdan River, the Wolf River, the Pascagoula River, and the Pearl River. Five rivers (Mobile River, Spanish River, Tensaw River, Apalachee River, and Blakeley River) flow through the Tensaw-Mobile River Delta into the Mobile Bay and constitute its primary freshwater source with a total typical average flow of 5.5 ◊ 10 10 m 3 y −1 (Montiel et al, 2018). About 64% of the Mobile Bay outflow discharges directly into the Mississippi Bight while the other third flows into the Mississippi Sound (Kim and Park, 2012).…”

Section: Study Areamentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Further to the west in the northern Gulf, DiMarco et al (2012) used δ 18 O versus salinity data to argue that hypoxia in Texas coastal waters in summer 2007 was linked to high discharge from the Brazos River rather than to downcoast advection of nutrient-rich Mississippi/Atchafalaya River water. More recently, Montiel et al (2018) used the stable isotope signature of different water sources (including fluvial, marine, and groundwater) to constrain the water budget of Mobile Bay.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Extent of Mississippi River water in the Mississippi Bight and Louisiana Shelf based on water isotopes

Sanial

Shiller

Joung

et al. 2019

Estuarine, Coastal and Shelf Science

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The northern Gulf of Mexico is a complex and very productive coastal river-dominated system that receives freshwater from numerous rivers including the Mississippi River. The dynamics of coastal ecosystems in the northern Gulf of Mexico are greatly influenced by the freshwater discharge but also by the high nutrient loads carried by the Mississippi River that lead to the seasonal development of one of the largest coastal hypoxic areas. Constraining the origin and fate of the freshwater inputs in the northern Gulf of Mexico will help increase understanding the physical and biogeochemical processes occurring in this region. Here, we focus on investigating the extent of the Mississippi River plume on both sides of the Mississippi River Delta: to the east in the Mississippi Bight, and to the west over the Louisiana Shelf. We determined the water isotopic signature (δ 18 O and δD) along with salinity of the different river plumes and performed a river mixing model on the coastal waters. Our findings provide useful information to better understand the functioning of the northern Gulf of Mexico ecosystem. In particular, the development of hypoxia is often attributed to the nutrient load of the Mississippi River, yet the Mississippi River seemed to have a limited influence on the Mississippi Bight. That is, the dominant source of freshwater in the Bight was supplied by local Mississippi/Alabama rivers. Furthermore, the water isotope mixing model showed that the source of freshwater to the Louisiana Shelf was dominated by the Atchafalaya River in summer, and by the Mississippi River during non-summer seasons. This pattern is consistent with the general shelf circulation that reverses in summer, but could not have been shown solely by the use of salinity.

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Section: δ 18 O and δD Relationshipsupporting

confidence: 90%

Section: Study Areamentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Extent of Mississippi River water in the Mississippi Bight and Louisiana Shelf based on water isotopes

Sanial

Shiller

Joung

et al. 2019

Estuarine, Coastal and Shelf Science

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“…Due to extreme hypoxia in the water column during dry seasons, large-scale fish and crustacean kills, locally known as Jubilees often occur in this part of northeast of the Gulf of Mexico [37][38][39]. More recent studies indicate that both the Jubilees and HABs occur at specific locations of Mobile Bay and are associated with areas without direct surface water inputs [40,41]. Ultimately, SGD was investigated as one of the main contributors to the hypoxia occurring in the bay.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Microbial community composition across a coastal hydrological system affected by submarine groundwater discharge (SGD)

et al. 2020

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Mobile Bay, the fourth largest estuary in the USA located in the northern Gulf of Mexico, is known for extreme hypoxia in the water column during dry season caused by NH 4 +-rich and anoxic submarine groundwater discharge (SGD). Nutrient dynamics in the coastal ecosystem point to potentially elevated microbial activities; however, little is known about microbial community composition and their functional roles in this area. In this study, we investigated microbial community composition, distribution, and metabolic prediction along the coastal hydrological compartment of Mobile Bay using 16S rRNA gene sequencing. We collected microbial samples from surface (river and bay water) and subsurface water (groundwater and coastal pore water from two SGD sites with peat and sandy lithology, respectively). Salinity was identified as the primary factor affecting the distribution of microbial communities across surface water samples, while DON and PO 4 3were the major predictor of com

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“…The offshore average difference in Figure b was 13.5 W/m 2 and indicates the potential error in measuring heat flux at the surface is likely ∼13.5 W/m 2 and can be accounted for in the various terms in equation . Groundwater input in Mobile Bay has been estimated to be 15 m 3 /s by Montiel and Dimova () and would only contribute 0.22 W/m 2 at 20 ° C. Monismith et al () observed a similar offset of around 100 W/m 2 and concluded that it was from advection associated with river discharge. No upstream temperature data were available for this study, but temperatures at the northern most water quality station (SD) are on average warmer than the bay and does not provide a source of cooling.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Effects of Coastal Upwelling and Downwelling on Hydrographic Variability and Dissolved Oxygen in Mobile Bay

2019

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Upwellling and downwelling events are important coastal processes that strongly influence shelf ecosystem dynamics. Though changes on the shelf have been well studied, the impact of these events on estuarine systems has received less focus. In summer 2016 a downwelling and upwelling event were observed near the mouth of Mobile Bay. The impact of these events were examined throughout the bay with high spatial resolution observations. Five boat surveys were conducted to capture the spatial response of offshore forcing and its changes in the estuary. In addition to the surveys, 16 conductivity, temperature, and depth (CTD) sensors were deployed and measured temporal changes. A 7 ° C temperature change was observed in the channel as a result of the offshore changes. In the shipping channel and offshore, advection was a major source of changes in heat content and often exceeded the surface heat flux. Advection of low dissolved oxygen water into the estuary was also observed in the shipping channel and at the Dauphin Island station nearest to the estuary mouth. The extent of these changes highlights the importance of estuary‐shelf connectivity in river‐dominated systems where offshore forcing can drive large changes in estuaries during low flow summer conditions.

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Is Submarine Groundwater Discharge (SGD) Important for the Historical Fish Kills and Harmful Algal Bloom Events of Mobile Bay?

Cited by 34 publications

References 93 publications

Extent of Mississippi River water in the Mississippi Bight and Louisiana Shelf based on water isotopes

Extent of Mississippi River water in the Mississippi Bight and Louisiana Shelf based on water isotopes

Microbial community composition across a coastal hydrological system affected by submarine groundwater discharge (SGD)

Effects of Coastal Upwelling and Downwelling on Hydrographic Variability and Dissolved Oxygen in Mobile Bay

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