Is Subtyping of Gamblers Based on the Pathways Model of Problem and Disordered Gambling Valid? A Systematic Review

Kurilla, Adam

doi:10.1007/s10899-020-09995-6

Cited by 18 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 52 publications

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“…These results are consistent with similar findings on traditional gambling forms (Browne et al, 2019;Flack & Morris, 2015;Francis et al, 2015;Lambe et al, 2015;Rockloff & Dyer, 2006;Rodrigeuz et al, 2015;Stewart & Zack, 2008;Wardle et al, 2011). In addition, the findings align to theory that emotionally vulnerable gamblers and negative coping styles are associated with problem gambling (Abbott et al, 2018;Blaszczynski & Nower, 2002;Kurilla, 2021).…”

Section: Esports Cash Bettingsupporting

confidence: 79%

Motivations for Esports Betting and Skin Gambling and Their Association with Gambling Frequency, Problems, and Harm

et al. 2022

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This study aimed to examine gambling motivations for esports betting and skin gambling and their association with gambling frequency, problems, and harm. Data were collected via a cross-sectional online survey with 736 participants aged 18 + who engaged in esports cash betting (n = 567), esports skin betting (n = 180), or skin gambling on games of chance (n = 325). Respondents were asked to rate their motivations for the three activities across seven domains: social, financial, positive feelings or enhancement, internal regulation, skill building, competition/challenge, and skin acquisition. The results highlight both similarities and differences in gambling motivations across products. Financial gain and enhancement (i.e., excitement) were the main motivations endorsed for all activities, whereas skin acquisition was an additional motivation for esports skin betting and skin gambling. Across all three products, gambling to escape or improve mood was associated with higher levels of problem gambling and harm. Financial gain motivation was associated with problem gambling only for esports skin betting and skin gambling on games of chance. These findings underscore the importance of considering motivational influences on engagement with emerging gambling activities, especially since some motivations may be a contributing factor in harmful gambling outcomes.

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Section: Esports Cash Bettingsupporting

confidence: 79%

Motivations for Esports Betting and Skin Gambling and Their Association with Gambling Frequency, Problems, and Harm

et al. 2022

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“…The prevalent pathway model of GD (Blaszczynski and Nower, 2002) describes the existence of two subgroups characterized by significant emotional vulnerability and emotional dysregulation (emotionally vulnerable subtype and the antisocial impulsive subtype). This theoretical model has been confirmed by empirical studies, both in clinical samples and in non-treatment-seeking individuals with gambling problems (Milosevic and Ledgerwood, 2010;Moon et al, 2017;Kurilla, 2021).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 55%

A Serious Game to Improve Emotion Regulation in Treatment-Seeking Individuals With Gambling Disorder: A Usability Study

et al. 2021

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Background: Serious games have shown positive results in increasing motivation, adherence to treatment and strengthening the therapeutic alliance in multiple psychiatric disorders. In particular, patients with impulse control disorders and other disorders in which the patient suffers from inhibitory control deficits (e.g., behavioral addictions) have been shown to benefit from serious games.Aim: The aim of this study was to describe the characteristics and to evaluate the usability of a new serious videogame, e-Estesia. This serious videogame was designed to improve emotion regulation in patients with gambling disorder (GD). Preliminary results from a pilot sample are also reported.Method: A pilot sample of 26 patients undergoing treatment for GD was recruited (ranging from 22 to 74 years, mean = 41.2 and SD = 12.9; 80.8% men). Participants used e-Estesia on a tablet, which was connected to a thoracic band that sent heart rate (HR) and heart rate variability (HRV) data to the videogame platform in order to provide biofeedback. The System Usability Scale was completed by patients to determine the usability of e-Estesia.Results and Discussion: e-Estesia performed comparatively well for all the explored groups (i.e., sex, age, and online vs. offline gambling: mean usability score = 83.8, SD = 13.1). Around 84.6% of the patients endorsed that it was easy to use. Female patients with GD presented higher HRV during the use of the serious videogame compared to men.

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“…Nevertheless, while the Pathways Model is useful in clinical practice as its help to subtype patients with gambling disorder, some authors suggested that the clinical reality is more complex as the different factors operating in clinical samples are interacting in a more complex manner than it is theorized in the Pathways Model ( Mestre-Bach et al., 2022 ). Furthermore, as suggested by Kurilla (2021) in his systematic review, some factors that are stipulated to be pathway-specific in the model could actually be viewed as general risk factors in the context of problem gambling. Thus, further studies are needed to further refine and specify the Pathways Model.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

An empirical investigation of the Pathways Model of problem gambling through the conjoint use of self-reports and behavioural tasks

Bonnaire

Devos

Barrault

et al. 2022

JBA

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Background and aims Blaszczynski and Nower (2002) conceptualized their Pathways Model by postulating the existence of three subtypes of problem gamblers who share common characteristics, but also present specific ones. Methods This study investigated how the psychological mechanisms postulated in the Pathways Model predict clinical status in a sample that combined treatment-seeking gamblers (n = 59) and non-problematic community gamblers (n = 107). To test the Pathways Model, we computed a hierarchic logistic regression in which variables associated with each postulated pathway were entered sequentially to predict the status of the treatment-seeking gambler. Self-report questionnaires measured gambling-related cognitions, alexithymia, emotional reactivity, emotion regulation strategies and impulsivity. Behavioural tasks measured gambling persistence (slot machine task), decision-making under uncertainty (Iowa Gambling Task) and decision-making under risk (Game of Dice Task). Results We showed that specific factors theorized as underlying mechanisms for each pathway predicted the status of clinical gambler. For each pathway, significant predictors included gambling-related cognitive distortions and behaviourally measured gambling persistence (behaviourally conditioned pathway), emotional reactivity and emotion regulation strategies (emotionally vulnerable pathway), and lack of premeditation impulsivity facet (impulsivist-antisocial pathway). Discussion and conclusions Our study adds to the body of literature confirming the validity of the Pathways Model and hold important implications in terms of assessment and treatment of problem gambling. In particular, a standardized assessment based on the Pathways Model should promote individualized treatment strategies to allow clinicians to take into account the high heterogeneity that characterizes gambling disorder.

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Is Subtyping of Gamblers Based on the Pathways Model of Problem and Disordered Gambling Valid? A Systematic Review

Cited by 18 publications

References 52 publications

Motivations for Esports Betting and Skin Gambling and Their Association with Gambling Frequency, Problems, and Harm

Motivations for Esports Betting and Skin Gambling and Their Association with Gambling Frequency, Problems, and Harm

A Serious Game to Improve Emotion Regulation in Treatment-Seeking Individuals With Gambling Disorder: A Usability Study

An empirical investigation of the Pathways Model of problem gambling through the conjoint use of self-reports and behavioural tasks

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