Is Sugar Addictive?

Bray, George A.

doi:10.2337/dbi16-0022

Cited by 7 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…These tasty foods can activate the so‐called pleasure centres of the brain providing pleasurable rewards from eating . This centre is the same one that is activated by substances of abuse . At the same time that tasty foods have become less expensive and more abundant, physical activity has gradually declined and together with the abundance of food provide the major drivers for obesity.…”

Section: An Epidemiological Modelmentioning

confidence: 99%

Obesity: a chronic relapsing progressive disease process. A position statement of the World Obesity Federation

Kim²,

2017

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SummaryThis paper considers the argument for obesity as a chronic relapsing disease process. Obesity is viewed from an epidemiological model, with an agent affecting the host and producing disease. Food is the primary agent, particularly foods that are high in energy density such as fat, or in sugar-sweetened beverages. An abundance of food, low physical activity and several other environmental factors interact with the genetic susceptibility of the host to produce positive energy balance. The majority of this excess energy is stored as fat in enlarged, and often more numerous fat cells, but some lipid may infiltrate other organs such as the liver (ectopic fat). The enlarged fat cells and ectopic fat produce and secrete a variety of metabolic, hormonal and inflammatory products that produce damage in organs such as the arteries, heart, liver, muscle and pancreas. The magnitude of the obesity and its adverse effects in individuals may relate to the virulence or toxicity of the environment and its interaction with the host. Thus, obesity fits the epidemiological model of a disease process except that the toxic or pathological agent is food rather than a microbe. Reversing obesity will prevent most of its detrimental effects.

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Section: An Epidemiological Modelmentioning

confidence: 99%

Obesity: a chronic relapsing progressive disease process. A position statement of the World Obesity Federation

Kim²,

2017

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“…The risk of alcohol consumption was more than doubled for the combination of high sugar and high fat propensity compared with the combination of low sugar and low fat propensity (Table 2A), but the interaction between high fat and high sugar consumption was not statistically significant (P = 0•4). The association between categories of fat and sugar propensity and later alcohol use was independent of baseline measures of HRQoL, parental Table 2 Associations between sugar and fat propensity at baseline and alcohol consumption in adolescence at follow-up among children from eight European countries examined at ages 5-9 years and followed up at ages [11][12][13][14][15][16] association between the combination of high sugar and high fat propensity with alcohol consumption was observed in both overweight and non-overweight children (Table S3). Finally, parental alcohol consumption was positively associated with adolescents' alcohol consumption but not with the children's diet at baseline or at follow-up.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In this context, diet is a potentially modifiable early-life factor that might have an influence on later alcohol use. Animal experiments suggest that excessive sugar consumption can lead to addictive behaviour like the consumption of alcohol or drugs (6)(7)(8) , and it has been proposed that sugar addiction is also observed in man (9)(10)(11)(12) . This claim was criticized because sugar consumption is associated with reward and craving, but other symptoms of addiction such as tolerance or withdrawal are less clear (13) .…”

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confidence: 99%

Children’s propensity to consume sugar and fat predicts regular alcohol consumption in adolescence

Mehlig

Bogl

Hunsberger

et al. 2018

Public Health Nutr.

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Objective: The present study investigated the association between sugar and fat intake in childhood in relation to alcohol use in adolescence. We hypothesized that early exposure to diets high in fat and sugar may affect ingestive behaviours later in life, including alcohol use. Design/Setting/Subjects: Children from the European IDEFICS/I.Family cohort study were examined at ages 5-9 years and followed up at ages 11-16 years. FFQ were completed by parents on behalf of children, and later by adolescents themselves. Complete data were available in 2263 participants. Children's propensities to consume foods high in fat and sugar were calculated and dichotomized at median values. Adolescents' use of alcohol was classified as at least weekly v. less frequent use. Log-binomial regression linked sugar and fat consumption in childhood to risk of alcohol use in adolescence, adjusted for relevant covariates. Results: Five per cent of adolescents reported weekly alcohol consumption. Children with high propensity to consume sugar and fat were at greater risk of later alcohol use, compared with children with low fat and low sugar propensity (relative risk = 2·46; 95 % CI 1·47, 4·12), independent of age, sex and survey country. The association was not explained by parental income and education, strict parenting style or child's health-related quality of life and was only partly mediated by sustained consumption of sugar and fat into adolescence. Conclusions: Frequent consumption of foods high in fat and sugar in childhood predicted regular use of alcohol in adolescence.

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“…These postingestive striatal responses are not reversible after short‐term weight loss in people with obesity [31]. The dopamine system in the brain which underlies the hedonic response to food suggests that obesity has some characteristics of an “addictive” disorder [32]. This association of fructose from HFCS as a harbinger of the rise in the consumption of ultraprocessed foods may provide its role in the obesity pandemic.…”

Section: Role Of Fructose In Obesitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Is Sugar Addictive?

Cited by 7 publications

References 20 publications

Obesity: a chronic relapsing progressive disease process. A position statement of the World Obesity Federation

Obesity: a chronic relapsing progressive disease process. A position statement of the World Obesity Federation

Children’s propensity to consume sugar and fat predicts regular alcohol consumption in adolescence

Commentary on: The fructose survival hypothesis as a mechanism for unifying the various obesity hypotheses

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