Is That the R171q Amino Acid Variant in Exon 3 of the Men1 Gene Is Related to Age, to Play a Mutating Role?

Abstract

Background/aim: Several studies demonstrated that the R171Q amino acid variant in exon 3 of MEN1 gene is a polymorphism, and in some new studies it is probably a mutation. We found in our study of twelve cases, two young cases have this variant and developed multiple endocrine neoplasia type1. Materials and methods: twelve MEN1 young patients (7 female, 5 male) aged between 20 and 40 years old, were included in our study. After investigating each patient, biochemical and molecular researches is done. We sequenced exon 3 of the MEN1 gene of patients and some members of their families. Results: Ten patients have MEN1 syndrome and they have no mutation in MEN1 gene. Two patients from separated families have a c.512G>A heterozygote variant. Phenotypically the two cases have hyperparathyroidism in young age. One of them developed others tumors later. Conclusion: The R171Q variant is a mutation in some cases; causes hyperparathyroidism and will develop further MEN1 lesions later, and it is just a polymorphism in other cases. We believe that when this polymorphism combines with young age in severe depression, it will lead to MEN1 syndrome, which will make this polymorphism considered a genetic mutation