Is The Convergence Insufficiency Symptom Survey Specific for Convergence Insufficiency? A Prospective, Randomized Study

Horan, Lindsay A.; Ticho, Benjamin H.; Khammar, Alexander J.; Allen, Megan; Shah, Birva

doi:10.3368/aoj.65.1.99

Cited by 26 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 5 publications

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“…Our CISS VE showed a mean score (15.10 ± 10.13) that was comparable to those reported in studies conducted in similar populations, such as the adolescents assessed by Horan et al 6 (16.3 ± 11.4) and the university students used to develop the Portuguese version (CISS VP ; 15.56 ± 8.86). 5 These two studies provided mean scores for the entire group of participants instead of separating scores according to subjects' visual problems.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 87%

“…Accordingly, it considers the most common symptoms regarding near-vision problems 5 and provides similar scores in children with accommodative insufficiency and convergence insufficiency. 4 In addition, as described by Horan et al, 6 some patients with normal sensorimotor exam results were found to score high (i.e., showed a higher level of the assessed symptoms) on the CISS, while others with convergence insufficiency had relatively low scores.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 81%

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Spanish Cross-Cultural Adaptation and Rasch Analysis of the Convergence Insufficiency Symptom Survey (CISS)

González-Pérez

Pérez-Garmendia

Barrio

et al. 2020

Trans. Vis. Sci. Tech.

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To culturally and linguistically adapt the Convergence Insufficiency Symptom Survey (CISS) to Spanish and assess the psychometric performance of the new version through Rasch analysis and classical test theory methods. Methods: The Spanish version of the CISS (CISS VE) was completed by 449 subjects (9-30 years old) from the general population. The validity and reliability of CISS VE were assessed through Rasch statistics (precision, targeting, item fit, unidimensionality, and differential item functioning). To test construct validity, we calculated the coefficients of correlation between the CISS VE and the Computer-Vision Symptom Scale (CVSS17) or Warwick-Edinburgh Mental Well-Being Scale (WEMWBS). We determined test-retest reliability in a subset of 229 subjects. We used differential item functioning (DIF) to compare the CISSS VE and the CISS after administering the CISS to 216 English children. Results: After applying exclusion criteria, the responses of 420 participants (mean age, 18.62 years; female, 54.95%) revealed good Rasch model fit, good precision (person separation = 2.33), and suboptimal targeting (-1.37). There was some evidence of multidimensionality, but disattenuated correlations between the Rasch dimension and a possible secondary dimension were high, suggesting they were measuring similar constructs. No item bias according to gender or age was detected. Spearman's correlation was 0.34 (P < 0.001) for CISS VE-CVSS17 and non-significant for CISS VE-WEMWBS. The limits of agreement for test-retest reliability were 9.67 and-8.71. Rasch analysis results indicated no difference between CISS and CISS VE. Conclusions: According to our results, CISS VE is a valid and reliable tool for measuring the symptoms assessed by CISS in Spanish people 9 to 30 years of age. Translational Relevance: CISS VE can measure convergence insufficiency symptoms in Spanish-speaking subjects.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 87%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 81%

Spanish Cross-Cultural Adaptation and Rasch Analysis of the Convergence Insufficiency Symptom Survey (CISS)

González-Pérez

Pérez-Garmendia

Barrio

et al. 2020

Trans. Vis. Sci. Tech.

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“…Forty five per cent of included OMDs studies [81–116] had adults exclusively as subjects due to the nature of conditions under evaluation such as thyroid eye disease and neurological diseases with gaze palsies, which exist in adults typically. In contrast, less than tenth of the studies were done on paediatric subjects [117–124]. Some of these were for conditions found predominantly in teenagers such as convergence insufficiency and accommodation dysfunction and others included disorders with an early onset such as infantile nystagmus and pattern deviations.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…“Near point of convergence NPC” and “positive fusional vergence” were less common. Alignment measurement was not expansively assessed in included studies apart from measuring “phoria” in two studies [128, 147] or ruling out manifest strabismus with “cover test at distance and near” for inclusion in one trial [124] . “ Amplitude of accommodation” [118, 128, 147], and “accommodative facility” [118, 147] were also reported.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Development of a core outcome set for amblyopia, strabismus and ocular motility disorders: a review to identify outcome measures

2019

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BackgroundCore Outcome Sets (COS) are defined as the minimum sets of outcomes that should be measured and reported in all randomised controlled trials to facilitate combination and comparability of research. The aim of this review is to produce an item bank of previously reported outcome measures from published studies in amblyopia, strabismus and ocular motility disorders to initiate the development of COS.MethodsA review was conducted to identify articles reporting outcome measures for amblyopia, strabismus and ocular motility disorders. Using systematic methods according to the COMET handbook we searched key electronic bibliographic databases from 1st January 2011 to 27th September 2016 using MESH terms and alternatives indicating the different subtypes of amblyopia, strabismus and ocular motility disorders in relation to treatment outcomes and all synonyms. We included Cochrane reviews, other systematic reviews, controlled trials, non-systematic reviews and retrospective studies. Data was extracted to tabulate demographics of included studies, primary and secondary outcomes, methods of measurement and their time points.ResultsA total of 142 studies were included; 42 in amblyopia, 33 in strabismus, and 68 in ocular motility disorders (one study overlap between amblyopia and strabismus). We identified ten main outcome measure domains for amblyopia, 14 for strabismus, and ten common “visual or motility” outcome measure domains for ocular motility disorders. Within the domains, we found variable nomenclature being used and diversity in methods and timings of measurements.ConclusionThis review highlights discrepancies in outcome measure reporting within published literature for amblyopia, strabismus and ocular motility and it generated an item bank of the most commonly used and reported outcome measures for each of the three conditions from recent literature to start the process of COS development. Consensus among all stakeholders including patients and professionals is recommended to establish a useful COS.Electronic supplementary materialThe online version of this article (10.1186/s12886-019-1055-8) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.

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“…Although some reports indicate a low specificity for CISS scores, they are still used for the subjective evaluation of patients with CI. [ 15 16 17 ]…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparison of three vision therapy approaches for convergence insufficiency

Aletaha

Daneshvar

Mosallaei

et al. 2018

J Ophthalmic Vis Res

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Purpose:We compared the effectiveness of three active vision therapy approaches for convergence insufficiency (CI).Methods:This randomized clinical trial included patients meeting the eligibility criteria and with symptomatic CI, who were allocated into three groups. In the home-based vision orthoptic therapy (HBVOT) group, patients performed the pencil push-up procedure 15 min/day for 5 days/week. In the office-based vision orthoptic therapy (OBVOT) group, patients underwent 60-min orthoptic therapy using a major amblyoscope twice weekly with additional home orthoptic therapy. In the augmented office-based vision orthoptic therapy (AOBVOT) group, patients performed orthoptic exercises using 3-diopter over-minus lenses and a base-out prism in addition to major amblyoscope therapy, and additional home reinforcement was prescribed during the same time period.Results:All 84 subjects (mean age, 26.8 ± 8.3 years) showed a statistically significant improvement in near exophoria, positive fusional vergence (PFV) at near, near point of convergence (NPC), stereoacuity, and Convergence Insufficiency Symptom Survey (CISS) scores at follow-up. Exophoria decreased by 64%, 68%, and 85% in the HBVOT, OBVOT, and AOBVOT groups, respectively (P = 0.2). PFV increased by 68%, 100%, and 100% in the HBVOT, OBVOT, and AOBVOT groups, respectively (P < 0.001). NPC decreased (improved) by 86%, 89%, and 96% in the HBVOT, OBVOT, and AOBVOT groups, respectively (P = 0.4). The CISS scores decreased by 75%, 96%, and 100% in the HBVOT, OBVOT, and AOBVOT groups, respectively (P = 0.003).Conclusion:Our results showed that in adults with CI, the augmented office-based orthoptic treatment was relatively more effective than the other treatments.

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Is The Convergence Insufficiency Symptom Survey Specific for Convergence Insufficiency? A Prospective, Randomized Study

Abstract: CISS scores tend to be higher when self-vs. practitioner-administered. This study suggests that the CISS questionnaire is not specific for convergence insufficiency.

Cited by 26 publications

References 5 publications

Spanish Cross-Cultural Adaptation and Rasch Analysis of the Convergence Insufficiency Symptom Survey (CISS)

Spanish Cross-Cultural Adaptation and Rasch Analysis of the Convergence Insufficiency Symptom Survey (CISS)

Development of a core outcome set for amblyopia, strabismus and ocular motility disorders: a review to identify outcome measures

Comparison of three vision therapy approaches for convergence insufficiency

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