Is the Flynn effect on g?: A meta-analysis

Nijenhuis, Jan te; Flier, H. van der

doi:10.1016/j.intell.2013.03.001

Cited by 97 publications

(43 citation statements)

References 30 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…In case one wants to carry out an analysis on studies for which the individual-level data are unavailable and combine all these studies in a meta-analysis, the simplified procedure reported in Jensen [1] has to be applied. This combination of a simplified procedure and a meta-analysis has already been successfully applied in several studies, some of them often cited [28][29][30][31][32][33][34][35].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Spearman’s Hypothesis Tested on Black Adults: A Meta-Analysis

Nijenhuis

Hoek

2016

J. Intell.

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Blacks generally score significantly lower on intelligence tests than Whites. Spearman's hypothesis predicts that there will be large Black/White differences on subtests of high cognitive complexity, and smaller Black/White differences on subtests of lower cognitive complexity. Spearman's hypothesis tested on samples of Blacks and Whites has consistently been confirmed in many studies on children and adolescents, but there are many fewer studies on adults. We carried out a meta-analysis where we collected the existing tests of Spearman's hypothesis on adults and collected additional datasets on Black and White adults that could be used to test Spearman's hypothesis. Our meta-analytical search resulted in a total of 10 studies with a total of 15 datapoints, with participants numbering 251,085 Whites and 22,326 Blacks in total. For all these data points, the correlation between the loadings of a general factor that is manifested in individual differences on all mental tests, regardless of content (g) and standardized group differences was computed. The analysis of all 15 data points yields a mean vector correlation of 0.57. Spearman's hypothesis is confirmed comparing Black and White adults. The differences between Black and White adults are strongly in line with those previously found for children and adults; however, because of lack of access to the original data, we could not test for measurement invariance.

show abstract

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Spearman’s Hypothesis Tested on Black Adults: A Meta-Analysis

Nijenhuis

Hoek

2016

J. Intell.

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…A recent meta-analysis of 11 studies yielded a moderate negative correlation between subtest g-loadings and secular gains (−0.26, which fell to −0.38 when 2 of the 11 tests were removed as outliers), suggesting that gains are generally smaller on more g-loaded tests [99]. While this is probably our best current estimate of the correlation between secular gains and g-loadings, the range of observed results found has been quite broad, with substantial positive correlations found in numerous studies (see also [100], p. 320).…”

Section: Suggestion 5: Use Iq Subtest Profiles In Contextmentioning

confidence: 99%

Future Efforts in Flynn Effect Research: Balancing Reductionism with Holism

Mingroni¹

2014

J. Intell.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Abstract:After nearly thirty years of concerted effort by many investigators, the cause or causes of the secular gains in IQ test scores, known as the Flynn effect, remain elusive. In this target article, I offer six suggestions as to how we might proceed in our efforts to solve this intractable mystery. The suggestions are as follows: (1) compare parents to children; (2) consider other traits and conditions; (3) compare siblings; (4) conduct more and better intervention programs; (5) use subtest profile data in context; and (6) quantify the potential contribution of heterosis. This last section contains new simulations of the process of heterosis, which provide a plausible scenario whereby rapid secular changes in multiple genetically influenced traits are possible. If there is any theme to the present paper, it is that future study designs should be simpler and more highly focused, coordinating multiple studies on single populations.

show abstract

“…Broadly, the construct g evidences a negative correlation of about 0.4 with the Flynn effect which admittedly leaves a fair amount of variance unaccounted for in this association. Nonetheless, the argument is bolstered by the fact that Flynn effects are not associated with Jensen effects which suggest significant correlations between high g-loaded items and g. In essence, the Flynn effect is 'hollow' regarding g and is caused mainly by environmental effects (TE NIJENHUIS and VAN DER VLIER 2013;WOODLEY and MEISENBERG 2013).…”

Section: Has There Been Recent Evolution?mentioning

confidence: 99%