Is the performance at the implicit association test sensitive to feedback presentation? A Rasch-based analysis

Epifania, Ottavia M.; Anselmi, Pasquale; Robusto, Egidio

doi:10.1007/s00426-022-01703-w

Cited by 5 publications

(3 citation statements)

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“…Specifically, the activation of implicit attitudes, marked by automaticity and directed at particular social groups without awareness or intentionality, showed a negative association with the performance involving analysis and empathic perspective-taking inherent to socio-analytical reasoning. As noted earlier, certain terminologies, imagery, or verbal biases within misleading news can act as priming stimuli, triggering implicit biases and intensifying their effects (Strabac and Listhaug 2008;Epifania et al 2023). Even though implicit attitudes often operate beyond conscious monitoring, the current findings suggest that adolescents are not entirely subject to automatic responses, a result of prolonged exposure to stereotype patterns that reinforce associative heuristics between social groups and attributes.…”

Section: Dual Pathway Toward Socio-analytical Processing Of Misinform...supporting

confidence: 50%

Preventing Prejudice Emerging from Misleading News among Adolescents: The Role of Implicit Activation and Regulatory Self-Efficacy in Dealing with Online Misinformation

Corbelli,

Cicirelli,

D’Errico

et al. 2023

Social Sciences

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This paper explores the possibility of preventing prejudice among adolescents by promoting the analytical processing of social media content emerging from racial misinformation. Specifically, we propose, at this aim, an intervention that centers on recognizing stereotypical beliefs and other media biases about a group of people in misleading news. To better understand the variables that contribute to improving socio-analytical performance in the face of such misinformation, we investigated the influence of implicit associations as a tendency toward the automatic labeling of groups, as well as two dimensions of perceived self-efficacy in the face of misinformation, one active and one inhibitory. Our results demonstrate the presence of a negative link between affective prejudice and socio-analytical processing, and that this analytical performance toward misleading news is negatively related to the individual tendency toward implicit activation, and is also explained by the inhibitory factor of the perceived efficacy toward misinformation. The role of the active factor related to the perceived ability of fact-checking is not significant. This research suggests that education focused on the socio-analytical processing of misleading news in social media feeds can be an effective means of intervening in online affective prejudice among adolescents; the implications and limitations of our findings for future research in this area are discussed.

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Section: Dual Pathway Toward Socio-analytical Processing Of Misinform...supporting

confidence: 50%

Preventing Prejudice Emerging from Misleading News among Adolescents: The Role of Implicit Activation and Regulatory Self-Efficacy in Dealing with Online Misinformation

Corbelli,

Cicirelli,

D’Errico

et al. 2023

Social Sciences

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“…The lower the value of parameter τ, the faster respondent p is. The suitability and usefulness of this approach for analyzing IAT data has already been proved (e.g., Epifania et al, 2022b).…”

Section: Model Specificationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Filling the gap between implicit associations and behavior: A linear mixed-effects Rasch analysis of the Implicit Association Test

Epifania¹,

Anselmi²,

Robusto³

2022

Methodology

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The measure obtained from the Implicit Association Test (IAT; Greenwald et al., 1998. DOI: 10.1037/0022-3514.74.6.1464) is often used to predict people’s behaviors. However, it has shown poor predictive ability potentially because of its typical scoring method (the D score), which is affected by the across-trial variability in the IAT data and might provide biased estimates of the construct. Linear Mixed-Effects Models (LMMs) can address this issue while providing a Rasch-like parametrization of accuracy and time responses. In this study, the predictive abilities of D scores and LMM estimates were compared. The LMMs estimates showed better predictive ability than the D score, and allowed for in-depth analyses at the stimulus level that helped in reducing the across-trial variability. Implications of the results and limitations of the study are discussed.

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“…For example, they suggest the hypothetical scenario in which negative feedback on tasks during which African American and positive evaluative stimuli share a response may indirectly increase responses associating African American stimuli with negative stimuli. This could actually interfere with the very stimulus association under assessment in the task (see also Epifania et al, 2023 ; Hussey & De Houwer, 2019 ; Olson & Fazio, 2004 ; Olson et al, 2009 ). The use of a more balanced feedback procedure (in which both correct and incorrect responses are consequated by feedback) would help to address this problem by tightening stimulus control over the desired response repertoire.…”

Section: The Implicit Association Testmentioning

confidence: 99%

How to Build and How not to Build an Implicit Measure in Behavior Analysis: A case Study Using the Function Acquisition Speed Test

2023

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This article provides a comprehensive overview of the development of a behavior-analytic alternative to the popular implicit association test (IAT), namely, the function acquisition speed test (FAST). The IAT appears, prima facia, to indirectly assess participants’ learning histories with regard to the categorization of stimuli. However, its origin within cognitive psychology has rendered it replete with mentalism, conceptual ambiguity, statistical arbitrariness, and confounding procedural artifacts. The most popular behavioral alternative to the IAT, the widely used implicit relational assessment procedure (IRAP), has inherited many of these concerning artifacts. In this article, we present a behavior-analytic critique of both the IAT and IRAP, and argue that a behavior-analytic approach to implicit measures must have stimulus control front and center in its analysis. We then outline a series of early research studies that provided the basis for a potentially superior procedure within our field. We go on to outline how this early research was harnessed in stepwise research, guided by a strict adherence to traditional behavior-analytic methods for the analysis of stimulus relations, to increasingly modify a test format fit for the behavior analyst interested in assessing stimulus relatedness.

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Is the performance at the implicit association test sensitive to feedback presentation? A Rasch-based analysis

Cited by 5 publications

References 50 publications

Preventing Prejudice Emerging from Misleading News among Adolescents: The Role of Implicit Activation and Regulatory Self-Efficacy in Dealing with Online Misinformation

Preventing Prejudice Emerging from Misleading News among Adolescents: The Role of Implicit Activation and Regulatory Self-Efficacy in Dealing with Online Misinformation

Filling the gap between implicit associations and behavior: A linear mixed-effects Rasch analysis of the Implicit Association Test

How to Build and How not to Build an Implicit Measure in Behavior Analysis: A case Study Using the Function Acquisition Speed Test

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