“…Lento (2007) examined the effectiveness of nine technical trading rules, including filter rules (momentum strategies) in many Asian-Pacific stock markets and concluded that technical trading rules are more profitable in most of the markets except the Nikkei index. Metghalchi, Chang & Marcucci (2008), Metghalchi, Du & Ning (2009), and Chen, Metghalchi & Garza-Gomez (2011 presented that the technical trading rules including directional movement system (DMS) and parabolic stop and reverse (PSAR), can beat the buy and hold strategy in the Swedish market, four Asian stock markets, the Abu Dhabi stock index, and the Danish stock market respectively. The Weak-Form Efficient Market Hypotheses (WFEMH) has been rejected successfully by the profitability of trading rules with a variety of indicators in several relatively developed counties.…”