Is the use of Cannabis associated with periodontitis? A systematic review and meta‐analysis

Chisini, Luiz Alexandre; Cademartori, Mariana Gonzalez; Francia, Alejandro; Mederos, Matias; Grazioli, Guillermo; Conde, Marcus Cristian Muniz; Corrêa, Marcos Britto

doi:10.1111/jre.12639

Cited by 29 publications

(26 citation statements)

References 34 publications

(139 reference statements)

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“…Results confirm cigarette smoking as one of the most consequential modifiable risk factors for adverse periodontal outcomes (Warnakulasuriya et al 2010), supporting the dental profession’s role in tobacco use prevention and cessation. Cannabis use was positively associated with experiencing gum bleeding and loose teeth, cross-sectionally and prospectively and independent of tobacco use, adding to evidence of oral health harms (Thomson et al 2008; Chisini et al 2019). E-cigarette use was positively associated with history of tooth extractions, bone loss, and gum disease but not with longitudinal outcomes.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 92%

Interdental Cleaning and Oral Health Status in an Adult Cohort, 2015 to 2018

2020

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Interdental cleaning is routinely recommended, despite limited evidence supporting efficacy to prevent advanced oral disease endpoints, such as caries and periodontal disease. We aimed to examine associations between interdental cleaning and oral health in a large, generalizable prospective cohort of adults in the United States. Data were drawn from wave 3 (2015 to 2016, n = 26,086 included in analysis) and wave 4 (2016 to 2018, n = 22,585) of the adult component (age ≥18 y) of the nationally representative Population Assessment of Tobacco and Health Study. Survey-weighted multivariable regression models estimated the associations between wave 3 weekly interdental cleaning frequency and 6 measures of self-reported oral health—overall rating, tooth extractions, gum bleeding, loose teeth, bone loss around teeth, and gum disease—cross-sectionally and prospectively, with adjustment for established periodontal disease risk factors. As compared with no interdental cleaning, interdental cleaning ≥7 times/wk was prospectively associated with greater odds of excellent self-rated oral health (adjusted odds ratio, 1.37; 95% CI, 1.17 to 1.62), lower odds of bleeding gums (adjusted odds ratio, 0.62; 95% CI, 0.54 to 0.70), but not statistically significantly lower odds of other oral health conditions in the following 12 mo. Older age, lower socioeconomic status, diabetes, and cigarette smoking were consistently associated with worse oral health across all outcome measures. Findings were largely robust to alternative model and variable specifications. Interdental cleaning is associated with better perceived oral health and less self-reported gingivitis. Prevention of more advanced disease states was not demonstrated. These findings should be interpreted cautiously given the self-reported nature of the measures and relatively short follow-up period.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 92%

Interdental Cleaning and Oral Health Status in an Adult Cohort, 2015 to 2018

2020

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“…Longterm cannabis use can contribute to gum disease and changes in the oral mucosa (e.g. gum enlargement, leukoplakia patches), issues collectively referred to as "cannabis stomatitis" that can increase risk for oral cancers (Chisini et al, 2019;Cho et al, 2005;Versteeg et al, 2008). In addition, the use of opioids, methamphetamine or cannabis may temporarily relieve dental pain and so PWUD may be delaying or rejecting treatment for underlying causes of dental pain (Bungay et al, 2010;Robinson et al, 2005).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A paradox of need: Gaps in access to dental care among people who use drugs in Canada's publicly funded healthcare system

Jaffe

Choi

Hayashi

et al. 2021

Health Soc Care Community

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In Canada, publicly funded healthcare provides no-cost access to a large but not comprehensive suite of services. Dental care is largely funded by private insurance or patients, creating employment-and income-dependent gaps in care access.Difficulties accessing dental care may be amplified among vulnerable populations, including people who use drugs (PWUD), who may experience greater dental need due to side effects of substance use and health comorbidities, as well as barriers to care. Using data collected between 2014 and 2018 from two ongoing prospective cohort studies of PWUD in Vancouver, Canada, the aim of this study was to explore factors associated with dental care access. Among 1,638 participants, 246 participants (15%) reported never or only occasionally accessing adequate dental care. In generalised linear mixed-effects models, results showed significant negative associations between accessing dental care and using opioids (Adjusted Odds Ratios [AOR] = 0.73, 95% Confidence Interval [CI] = 0.58-0.91), methamphetamine (AOR = 0.75, 95% CI = 0.59-0.95) and cannabis (AOR = 0.78, 95% CI = 0.63-0.97), as well experiencing homelessness (AOR = 0.54, 95% CI = 0.42-0.70) and street-based income generation (AOR = 0.75, 95% CI = 0.59-0.94). There were significant positive associations between adequate dental care and accessing opioid agonist treatment (OAT) for opioid dependence (AOR = 1.36, 95% CI = 1.07-1.72) and receiving income assistance (AOR = 1.70, 95% CI = 1.05-2.77). These results highlight specific substance use patterns and structural exposures that may hinder dental care access, as well as how direct and indirect benefits of income assistance and OAT may improve access. These findings provide support for recent calls to expand healthcare coverage and address dental care inequities.

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“…The edentulism presents elevate prevalence [1,2] mainly due to caries [3] and periodontal disease [4] and its treatment with dental implants is today one of the most predictable and successful treatments. Dental implants are a well acceptable treatment to recover partial and fully edentulous patients [5,6], showing high clinical survival, ranging from 96.4% [7] to 88% [8] in periods between 10 to 23 years [8][9][10][11][12].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%