Is there a cocaine syndrome? Dysmorphic and anthropometric assessment of infants exposed to cocaine

Little, Bertis B.; Wilson, Golder N.; Jackson, Greg

doi:10.1002/(sici)1096-9926(199609)54:3<145::aid-tera4>3.0.co;2-2

Cited by 15 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 7 publications

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“…In addition, in a prior investigation of meconium aspiration syndrome at Parkland, there was no significant effect of ethnicity (Hernandez et al, 1993). A fetal cocaine syndrome comprised of a constellation of major and minor congenital anomalies comparable to the fetal alcohol syndrome does not apparently exist (Little et al, 1996). However, infants born to women who used cocaine during pregnancy are at increased risk of fetal growth retardation and isolated congenital anomalies, probably related to fetal vascular disruption.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 89%

“…Medical record information, which was abstracted by trained medical students, was coded and linked to the serological analysis by an arbitrary identification code to assure anonymity. Estimated gestational age (EGA) was determined by the modified Dubowitz method, which has been reported previously (Little et al, , 1996. Outcomes and congenital anomalies were coded from ICD-9 (International Classification of Diseases, 9 TH edition) codes in the medical record.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Peripartum cocaine use and adverse pregnancy outcome

Little

Snell²,

Trimmer

et al. 1999

Am. J. Hum. Biol.

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The objective of the study was to analyze possible adverse effects of peripartum cocaine use on maternal and fetal outcomes. Informed consent was given by 720 (97%) of 740 women who delivered consecutively at a large urban public hospital to test an umbilical cord blood sample for the presence of non‐medically administered drugs of abuse and alcohol and to be interviewed for the study. Samples were tested for the presence of a cocaine metabolite (benzoylecgonine‐BZE) by radioimmunoassay. The presence of other substances of abuse (alcohol, methamphetamine, opiates) resulted in exclusion from the sample of 143 subjects. Thus, in this cohort analysis, drug‐free controls (N = 469) were compared to those positive for cocaine only (N = 108). Peripartum exposure to cocaine only, and no other substances of abuse, was associated with an increased frequency of abruptio placentae (1.9% vs 0% for control, P < 0.004), thick meconium stained amniotic fluid (3.9% vs 0.7% for controls, P < 0.006), premature rupture of membranes (P < 0.02), genitourinary anomalies (OR = 3.6, P < 0.05), abdominal wall defects (OR = 4.4, P < 0.01) and increased frequency of low birth weight (OR = 2.0, P < 0.02). These are important findings because previous studies have been complicated by the confounding effects of other substances of abuse. Am. J. Hum. Biol. 11:598–602, 1999. © 1999 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 89%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Peripartum cocaine use and adverse pregnancy outcome

Little

Snell²,

Trimmer

et al. 1999

Am. J. Hum. Biol.

Self Cite

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show abstract

“…The use of alcohol and drugs by pregnant women can result in significant maternal, fetal, and neonatal morbidity [4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17]. In general, pregnant women with substance use disorders are less likely to seek prenatal care, and they have higher rates of infectious diseases such as HIV, hepatitis, and other sexually transmitted infections [17][18][19].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%