Is there a need to phase out replacement blood donors by voluntary blood donors in hospital based blood transfusion services?

Singh, Praneeta Jaswant; Bhatt, Hitesh

doi:10.4103/ijh.ijh_15_17

Cited by 6 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 1 publication

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“…In comparison, our data were derived from multiple sites, hence more representative of the overall trend across the country. Published data from our neighbouring country, India, also showed a similar pattern of voluntary and replacement donations, as observed in our study [18,19].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 89%

Degree of blood safety of voluntary non‐remunerated versus replacement blood donations: A multi‐centre study of the large cohort of blood donors from two provinces of Pakistan

Jamal,

Mansoor,

Ali

et al. 2023

Vox Sanguinis

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Background and ObjectivesVoluntary non‐remunerated blood donors (VNRBDs) are recognized as being crucial for the safety and sustainability of national blood supplies. Systems based on replacement donors (RDs) pose high risks of transfusion transmissible infections (TTIs). Currently, only 10%–13% of blood donations are voluntary in Pakistan. No large‐scale studies have been conducted to objectively evaluate the impact of the mode of donation on the frequency of TTIs, a gap this study aimed to fill.Materials and MethodsThe study was conducted at the Indus Hospital, Karachi. Data from a total of 591,820 blood donations were included from 1 October 2017 to 30 May 2021 and evaluated for type of donations and results of TTI testing, primarily performed on Architect i2000SR (Abbott). The TTIs tested include hepatitis B virus, hepatitis C virus, human immunodeficiency virus, syphilis and malaria.ResultsA total of 477,938 (80.7%) RDs and 113,882 (19.3%) VNRBDs were screened. Among these, 53,590 (9.06%) were positive for TTIs. There were 10.2% positive RDs (10.08–10.25 95% confidence interval [CI]) while 4.4% in VNRBDs (4.29–4.53 95% CI). Co‐infections were observed in 2367 (0.4%) RDs, while 159 (0.02%) in VNRBDs. Geographically, the highest frequency of TTIs was observed in semi‐urban areas of Sindh (11.2%) and Punjab (9.6%). A site‐wise comparison of TTIs in RD versus VNRBD showed significant differences (p‐value 0.00).ConclusionRDs are associated with higher frequencies of TTIs, compared with VNRBD. However, the study was unable to assess whether the significant difference was related to individual risk or repeat/first time status of the donors. Other important variables affecting frequency are the catchment area of the blood donors in Pakistan. Urban areas have less prevalence than semi‐urban areas.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 89%

Degree of blood safety of voluntary non‐remunerated versus replacement blood donations: A multi‐centre study of the large cohort of blood donors from two provinces of Pakistan

Jamal,

Mansoor,

Ali

et al. 2023

Vox Sanguinis

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“…[4] Singh et al concluded that the prevalence of TTI among voluntary donors was very low and the replacement donors showed a higher prevalence of of HBV, HCV, and syphilis. [15] The study by Halder et al, in contrary while studying 5383 blood donors over a period of 4 years found voluntary donors to be the majority while they also had male predominance. Seropositivity was for Hepatitis B which is similar to the present study.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 96%

Profile of Blood Donors in a Tertiary Care Centre in South India- A Cross Sectional Study

Jaya

Mathew

2020

ijsr

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Blood is considered a scarce resource in the world. Many patients requiring transfusion do not have timely access to safe blood and many lives are lost because of this reason. According to the WHO Information Sheets, 2005 80% of the worldwide population has access to only 20% of safe blood. Aim- To analyse the donor profile and the need for voluntary blood donation drives. Methodology: A descriptive cross-sectional study conducted among blood donors attending the blood bank of a Tertiary care centre in South India from 2015 to 2019. Results: Out of 7979 blood donations, voluntary donors were only 8.5 % with most (97.8%) of the donors being males. The donors arriving at the blood bank were between 18 and 64 years of age. Of the voluntary donors, about 37% were first-time blood donors. The commonest available blood group was O positive (34.1%) and the least available was AB negative (0.8%). Among the reasons for donor rejection, mismatch between the donor’s blood group and that of the requested unit was the commonest (25.8%) followed by hypertension (22.9%) on examination. HBsAg seropositivity was the majority (0.5%) among the transfusion transmitted infections screened. Conclusion: Efforts should be made to direct all the donations towards voluntary non remunerated ones. Awareness among the general population about the need of blood donation, educating them about the criteria of acceptable donors and discussing the general myths and facts about donation process is also important.

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“…Concerns have been raised about replacement donors presenting as family members or close friends of the patient in exchange for financial or other gains [26,27]. In voluntary donors over the voluntary donors in other subgroups at same point (p < 0.001, Figure 1).…”

Section: Notementioning

confidence: 93%

Subclinical Iron Overload Hampers the Beneficial Effect of Human Pegivirus (Hpgv) On Disease Progression in Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type-1 Infected Blood Donors

Debasish¹,

Verghese²,

Sharma³

et al. 2021

Int J Virol AIDS

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Background: Despite frequent association of Human Pegivirus (HPgV) and Torque Teno Virus (TTV) infections with Human Immunodeficiency Virus type-1 (HIV-1) infection, their roles on HIV-1 disease progression remain unclear.Methods: A prospective study on HIV-1 disease progression was undertaken in three HIV-1 infected blood donor subgroups at early asymptomatic stages: Those with HPgV co-infections (n = 60), with TTV co-infections (n = 48) and without the two co-infections (n = 54). Within each subgroup, both replacement and voluntary donors are examined. The markers of HIV-1 disease progression included the following virological and immunological parameters: Rate of increase in plasma HIV-1 viral load, rate of fall in CD4+ T lymphocyte count, serum levels of Tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α), TNF-α receptors (TNFRI and TNFRII), and levels of Nuclear Factor kappa beta (NF-kB) in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs).Results: In all the three HIV-1 infected subgroups, replacement donors displaying biochemical evidence of iron overload had higher levels of disease progression markers at enrollment and lower symptom-free survival duration on follow up compared to voluntary donors in the same subgroup. Voluntary donors in the HPgV co-infected subgroup showed significantly slower rate of HIV-1 disease progression compared to voluntary donors in the other two subgroups. Replacement donors in the HPgV co-infected subgroup that showed loss HPgV viraemia at 3 years post-enrollment were associated with faster disease progression compared to those showing persistence of HPgV viraemia at the same point. Conclusion:The present study favors the concept that HPgV co-infection slows down disease progression in HIV-1 infected individuals. However, this beneficial effect may be obliterated due to subclinical iron overload, resulting in loss of HPgV viremia consequent to fall in peripheral CD4+ T lymphocyte count.

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Is there a need to phase out replacement blood donors by voluntary blood donors in hospital based blood transfusion services?

Cited by 6 publications

References 1 publication

Degree of blood safety of voluntary non‐remunerated versus replacement blood donations: A multi‐centre study of the large cohort of blood donors from two provinces of Pakistan

Degree of blood safety of voluntary non‐remunerated versus replacement blood donations: A multi‐centre study of the large cohort of blood donors from two provinces of Pakistan

Profile of Blood Donors in a Tertiary Care Centre in South India- A Cross Sectional Study

Subclinical Iron Overload Hampers the Beneficial Effect of Human Pegivirus (Hpgv) On Disease Progression in Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type-1 Infected Blood Donors

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