Is there a Primal Face of Pain? A methodology answer

Schiavenato, Martin; Byers, Jacquie F.; Scovanner, Paul; Windyga, P.; Shah, Mubarak

doi:10.1109/iembs.2007.4353100

Cited by 3 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 21 publications

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“…Patients typically express pain through verbal reports and non‐verbal behaviors (Keefe et al, 2001). Facial pain expression is a particularly salient way for individuals to communicate their pain experience (Schiavenato et al, 2007). The validity of a universal facial pain expression has been supported by the consistency of facial pain expression across cultures, the early development of facial expression in infants, and the ability for congenitally blind infants to develop facial expression without visual cues (Craig et al, 1994; Fridlund, 1994).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Investigating patient characteristics on pain assessment using virtual human technology

Stutts

Hirsh

George

2010

European Journal of Pain

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Pain assessment and treatment is challenging and can be influenced by patient demographic characteristics. Few research studies have been able to specifically examine these influences experimentally. The present study investigated the effects of patients' sex, race, age, and pain expression on healthcare students' assessment of pain and pain-related sequelae using virtual human (VH) technology. A lens model design was employed, which is an analogue method for capturing how individuals use environmental information to make judgments. In this study, decision-making policies were captured at the nomothetic and idiographic level. Participants included 107 healthcare students who viewed 32 VH patients that differed in sex, race, age, and pain expression in an online study. Participants provided ratings on a 100-point scale on the VH pain intensity, pain unpleasantness, negative mood, coping, and need for medical treatment. Nomothetic analyses revealed that female, African American, older, and high pain expression VH were rated higher than male, Caucasian, younger, and low pain expression VH, respectively, on most of the five ratings. Idiographic analyses revealed detailed findings for individuals' decision-making policies. VH technology and the lens model design were shown to be highly effective in examining individuals' decision making policies. Pain assessment often varied among individuals based on patient demographic and facial expression cues. This study could serve as a model for future investigations of pain assessment and treatment in healthcare students and providers.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Investigating patient characteristics on pain assessment using virtual human technology

Stutts

Hirsh

George

2010

European Journal of Pain

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“…Sufferers encode their pain experience in expressive behaviours such as verbal reports and nonverbal behaviours ( 8 ). One salient form of nonverbal behaviour used to communicate pain is facial expression ( 9 ). Individuals experiencing pain show reliable change in facial expression that can be decoded by observers ( 10 , 11 ), making facial expression one of the most influential bottom-up determinants of another’s perception of a sufferer’s pain ( 12 , 13 ).…”

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confidence: 99%

Observer trait anxiety is associated with response bias to patient facial pain expression independent of pain catastrophizing

Rash

Campbell

2015

Pain Research and Management

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Nonverbal communication, such as facial expression, is an important component of the communication of pain to an observer. One factor that influences pain perception by an observer is characteristics specific to the observer themselves (ie, ‘top-down’ characteristics). The authors of this article aimed to assess how anxiety in the observer affects their ability to rate a sufferer’s pain, controlling for pain catastrophizing.

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“…Much of the work on facial expression and pain presumes that a single, primal face of pain exists[20*]. This may well be the case, but it is difficult to prove.…”

Section: Limitations and Pitfalls In Assessing Pain Via Facial Expresmentioning

confidence: 99%

Progress in pain assessment: the cognitively compromised patient

Chapman

2008

Current Opinion in Anaesthesiology

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Purpose of review-Pain assessment is essential for patient care in many settings, but it proves difficult when the patient is cognitively compromised or otherwise unable to produce a conventional pain report. This review describes progress in pain assessment technology that involves the coding of human facial expression.Recent findings-It is possible to quantify facial expression by coding patterns of facial muscle contraction and relaxation. These patterns are action units, and they can gauge the intensity of pain as well as signal its occurrence. The experience of pain seems to generate a unique facial expression comprising several action units. Concerns have existed about whether demented patients produce diagnostically meaningful facial expressions of pain because they tend to generate more non-specific facial expressions and perhaps code pain intensity less well than normals. Recent work shows that facial expression reflects pain as well or better in demented patients compared to normals.Summary-Although still nascent, coded facial expression appears to work reliably as a pain assessment tool with cognitively compromised patients. Clinical application awaits the development of technology that can automate facial coding and scoring.

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Is there a Primal Face of Pain? A methodology answer

Cited by 3 publications

References 21 publications

Investigating patient characteristics on pain assessment using virtual human technology

Investigating patient characteristics on pain assessment using virtual human technology

Observer trait anxiety is associated with response bias to patient facial pain expression independent of pain catastrophizing

Progress in pain assessment: the cognitively compromised patient

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