Is there a relationship between low vitamin D and rotaviral diarrhea?

Bucak, İbrahim Hakan; Öztürk, Agah Bahadır; Almış, Habip; Çevik, Muhammer Özgür; Tekin, Mehmet; Konca, Çapan; Turğut, Mehmet; Bülbül, Mehmet

doi:10.1111/ped.12809

Cited by 28 publications

(31 citation statements)

References 36 publications

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“…Found serum 25(OH)D <20 ng/ml associated with an odds ratio of 6.3 (95% CI, 3.6 to 10.9) for rotaviral diarrhea [116] ALRI, acute respiratory tract infection; cART, combination Antiretroviral Therapy; CHB, chronic hepatitis B; DENV-2, dengue virus-2; HIV-1, Human immunodeficiency virus 1; KSHV, Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus; MDDCs, monocyte-derived dendritic cells; RSV, respiratory syncytial virus One way that CoVs injure the lung epithelial cells and facilitate pneumonia is through increased production of Th1-type cytokines as part of the innate immune response to viral infections, giving rise to the cytokine storm. A laboratory cell study reported that interferon γ is responsible for acute lung injury during the late phase of the SARS-CoV pathology [117].…”

Section: Rsvmentioning

confidence: 98%

Evidence That Vitamin D Supplementation Could Reduce Risk of Influenza and COVID-19 Infections and Deaths

Grant

Lahore

McDonnell

et al. 2020

Preprint

581

595

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The world is in the grips of the COVID-19 pandemic. Public health measures that can reduce the risk of infection and death in addition to quarantines are desperately needed. This article reviews the roles of vitamin D in reducing risk of respiratory tract infections, knowledge about the epidemiology of influenza and COVID-19, and how vitamin D supplementation might be a useful measure to reduce risk. Through several mechanisms, vitamin D can reduce risk of infections. Those mechanisms include inducing cathelicidins and defensins that can lower viral replication rates and reducing concentrations of pro-inflammatory cytokines that produce the inflammation that injures the lining of the lungs, leading to pneumonia, as well as increase concentrations of anti-inflammatory cytokines. Several observational studies and clinical trials reported that vitamin D supplementation reduced risk of influenza, whereas others did not. Evidence supporting the role of vitamin D in reducing risk of COVID-19 includes that the outbreak occurred in winter, a time when 25-hydroxyvitamin D [25(OH)D] concentrations are lowest; that the number of cases in the Southern Hemisphere near the end of summer are low; that vitamin D deficiency has been found to contribute to acute respiratory distress syndrome, and that case-fatality rates increase with age and with chronic disease comorbidity, both of which are associated with lower 25(OH)D concentration. To reduce risk of infection, it is recommended that people at risk of influenza and/or COVID-19 consider taking 10,000 IU/d of vitamin D3 for a few weeks to rapidly raise 25(OH)D concentrations, followed by 5000 IU/d. The goal should be to raise 25(OH)D concentrations above 40–60 ng/ml (100–150 nmol/l). For treatment of people who become infected with COVID-19, higher vitamin D3 doses might be useful. Randomized controlled trials and large population studies should be conducted to evaluate these recommendations.

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Section: Rsvmentioning

confidence: 98%

Evidence That Vitamin D Supplementation Could Reduce Risk of Influenza and COVID-19 Infections and Deaths

Grant

Lahore

McDonnell

et al. 2020

Preprint

581

595

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Rotaviral diarrhea Found serum 25(OH)D <20 ng/mL associated with an odds ratio of 6.3 (95% CI, 3.6 to 10.9) for rotaviral diarrhea [116] Note: acute respiratory tract infection (ALRI); combination Antiretroviral Therapy (cART); chronic hepatitis B (CHB); dengue virus-2 (DENV-2). Human immunodeficiency virus 1 (HIV-1); Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus (KSHV); monocyte-derived dendritic cells (MDDCs); respiratory syncytial virus (RSV).…”

Section: H9n2 Influenzamentioning

confidence: 99%

Evidence that Vitamin D Supplementation Could Reduce Risk of Influenza and COVID-19 Infections and Deaths

et al. 2020

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The world is in the grip of the COVID-19 pandemic. Public health measures that can reduce the risk of infection and death in addition to quarantines are desperately needed. This article reviews the roles of vitamin D in reducing the risk of respiratory tract infections, knowledge about the epidemiology of influenza and COVID-19, and how vitamin D supplementation might be a useful measure to reduce risk. Through several mechanisms, vitamin D can reduce risk of infections. Those mechanisms include inducing cathelicidins and defensins that can lower viral replication rates and reducing concentrations of pro-inflammatory cytokines that produce the inflammation that injures the lining of the lungs, leading to pneumonia, as well as increasing concentrations of anti-inflammatory cytokines. Several observational studies and clinical trials reported that vitamin D supplementation reduced the risk of influenza, whereas others did not. Evidence supporting the role of vitamin D in reducing risk of COVID-19 includes that the outbreak occurred in winter, a time when 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D) concentrations are lowest; that the number of cases in the Southern Hemisphere near the end of summer are low; that vitamin D deficiency has been found to contribute to acute respiratory distress syndrome; and that case-fatality rates increase with age and with chronic disease comorbidity, both of which are associated with lower 25(OH)D concentration. To reduce the risk of infection, it is recommended that people at risk of influenza and/or COVID-19 consider taking 10,000 IU/d of vitamin D 3 for a few weeks to rapidly raise 25(OH)D concentrations, followed by 5000 IU/d. The goal should be to raise 25(OH)D concentrations above 40-60 ng/mL (100-150 nmol/L). For treatment of people who become infected with COVID-19, higher vitamin D 3 doses might be useful. Randomized controlled trials and large population studies should be conducted to evaluate these recommendations.

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“…In the present study enteropathogenic E. coli, Shigella sonnei, and Salmonella were .51 ng/mL). These mentioned studies confirmed that vitamin D deficiency is a predisposing factor for rotavirus diarrhea (24).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 61%

“…D concentrations and acute bacterial diarrhea. Studies in this area are contradictory (19)(20)(21)(22)(23)(24)(25)(26)(27)(28). Bacterial agents are important causes of diarrhea in developing countries (1)(2)(3)(4).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The Correlation Between Vitamin D and Bacterial Diarrhea in Children

Mahyar

Ayazi

Rad

et al. 2019

Arch Pediatr Infect Dis

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Background: Acute diarrhea is the most common gastrointestinal disease among children. Identification of factors involved in the pathogenesis of acute bacterial diarrhea is highly critical. Objectives: This study was conducted to investigate the correlation between serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25 (OH) Vit. D) and acute bacterial diarrhea in children. Methods: The present study compared 60 children with acute bacterial diarrhea (the case group) and 60 healthy children (the control group) for serum 25 (OH) Vit. D concentrations. The children age ranged from two months to 12 years. The serum 25hydroxyvitamin D level was measured using ELISA method. Results: Among 60 children with acute bacterial diarrhea, 38 (63.3%) were males and 22 (36.7%) females. In the control group, 31 (51.6%) were males and 29 (48.4%) females (P = 0.26). The median (IQR) of age in case and control groups were 16 (29) and 16 (24) months, respectively (P = 0.75). The mean ± SD of serum 25 (OH) Vit. D levels in case and control groups were 19.3 ± 7.8 and 22.4 ± 7.3 ng/mL, respectively. There was a significant difference between groups regarding the serum 25 (OH) Vit. D concentrations (P = 0.02). Conclusions: This study revealed a significant correlation between serum 25 (OH) Vit. D level and acute bacterial diarrhea. It is likely that vitamin D plays a role in the pathogenesis of diarrhea.

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Is there a relationship between low vitamin D and rotaviral diarrhea?

Abstract: Low vitamin D is associated with rotaviral diarrhea. This is the first study in the literature to show this, and this result needs to be repeated in larger controlled clinical studies.

Cited by 28 publications

References 36 publications

Evidence That Vitamin D Supplementation Could Reduce Risk of Influenza and COVID-19 Infections and Deaths

Evidence That Vitamin D Supplementation Could Reduce Risk of Influenza and COVID-19 Infections and Deaths

Evidence that Vitamin D Supplementation Could Reduce Risk of Influenza and COVID-19 Infections and Deaths

The Correlation Between Vitamin D and Bacterial Diarrhea in Children

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