Is There a Relationship between Idiopathic Scoliosis and Body Mass? A Scoping Review

Scaturro, Dalila; Balbo, Agnese; Vitagliani, Fabio; Stramazzo, Leonardo; Mauro, Giulia Letizia

doi:10.3390/nu14194011

Cited by 9 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 46 publications

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“…Studies looking at conservative treatment outcomes also found inconsistent results; one found that overweight patients have greater curve progression despite treatment [ 9 ], one found that underweight patients had the highest risk of progressing to severe curves [ 10 ], one found that both high and low BMI were more likely to fail brace treatment than mid-BMI patients [ 11 ], and still another found no difference between overweight and normal weight patients [ 12 ]. Additionally, the biological mechanisms behind the relationship between BMI and AIS are largely unknown [ 16 ]. Previous literature includes hypothesized multifactorial mechanisms such as genetic, biomechanical, and environmental factors as well as hormonal and metabolic dysfunctions [ 16 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Additionally, the biological mechanisms behind the relationship between BMI and AIS are largely unknown [ 16 ]. Previous literature includes hypothesized multifactorial mechanisms such as genetic, biomechanical, and environmental factors as well as hormonal and metabolic dysfunctions [ 16 ]. However, there remains considerable variability in the literature, and etiopathogenesis of AIS and the relationship and mechanism between BMI and progressive AIS that requires surgical intervention remain largely unknown [ 16 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Association between body mass index and posterior spine fusion among patients with adolescent idiopathic scoliosis

Chan

2023

PLoS ONE

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Introduction Previous studies have found mixed associations between body mass index (BMI) and adolescent idiopathic scoliosis (AIS) incidence and progression. The aim of this study was to examine the association between BMI and the incidence of posterior spine fusion (PSF) among pediatric patients with AIS. Methods This was a retrospective cohort study of patients diagnosed with AIS at a single large tertiary care center between January 1, 2014 and December 31, 2020. BMI-for-age percentiles were used to categorize BMI into four categories: underweight (<5th percentile), healthy weight (≥5th to <85th percentile), overweight (≥85th to <95th percentile), and obese (≥95th percentile). Chi-square and t-tests were used to compare distributions of baseline characteristics by incident PSF outcome status. Multivariable logistic regression assessed the association between BMI category at baseline and incident PSF adjusting for sex, age at diagnosis, race/ethnicity, health insurance type, vitamin D supplementation, and low vitamin D levels. Results A total of 2,258 patients met the inclusion criteria with 2,113 patients (93.6%) who did not undergo PSF during the study period and 145 patients (6.4%) who did undergo PSF. At baseline, 7.3% of patients were categorized as underweight, 73.2% were healthy weight, 10.2% were overweight, and 9.3% were obese. Compared to those in the healthy weight group, there was no significant association between PSF and being underweight (adjusted odds ratio [AOR] 1.64, 95% CI 0.90–2.99, p = 0.107), being overweight (AOR 1.25, 95% CI 0.71–2.20, p = 0.436), or being obese (AOR 1.19, 95% CI 0.63–2.27, p = 0.594). Conclusions This study did not find a statistically significant association between underweight, overweight, or obese BMI category and incident PSF among patients with AIS. These findings add to the current mixed evidence on the relationship between BMI and surgical risk and may support the recommendation of conservative treatment to patients regardless of BMI.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Association between body mass index and posterior spine fusion among patients with adolescent idiopathic scoliosis

Chan

2023

PLoS ONE

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“…Recently, there were numerous studies reports on the relationship between AIS and body mass [ 16 ]. However, few studies have reported the association between lean mass and AIS, and the conclusions of the available studies are still inconsistent.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Association between lean mass and adolescent idiopathic scoliosis: a meta-analysis

Xu,

Zang,

2023

BMC Musculoskelet Disord

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Objective The objective of this meta-analysis was to evaluate the association between lean mass and adolescent idiopathic scoliosis (AIS). Methods English databases CENTRAL (The Cochrane Library and the Cochrane Back Review Group Trials Register), MEDLINE, EMBASE, PubMed, Web of Science and Chinese databases CBM, CNKI, VIP, WANGFANG DATA were searched for the relevant case control studies and cross-sectional studies. Two authors selected studies and extracted data independently. Data analysis was performed by Stata15.0. Results Eight studies were included, with a total of 1771 cases of AIS and 6340 controls. AIS group had a lower lean mass compared to control group [MD = − 1.95, 95% CI (− 2.96, − 0.93)]. In the subgroup analysis, female AIS patients had a lower lean mass than the control group [MD = − 1.76, 95% CI (− 2.63, − 0.88)]. The mean difference of lean mass between AIS patients and control group in studies with adults [MD = − 3.96, 95% CI (− 7.26, − 0.67)] is much greater than studies without adults [MD = − 1.04, 95% CI (− 1.59, − 0.49)]. There was not statistically significant in European studies [MD = − 2.10, 95% CI (− 4.35, 0.14)], but in Asian studies lean mass in AIS patients was lower than the control group [MD = − 2.26, 95% CI (− 3.98, − 0.54)]. Study type, gender, age, and geography condition were thought to have no effect on the primary outcome of lean mass by subgroup analysis. Conclusion In the meta-analysis, AIS group had a lower lean mass compared to control group, which indicated that lean mass may be involved in the pathogenesis of AIS. But limited by the number of studies we included; the above conclusions need to be validated by more high-quality studies.

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“…However, the etiology of AIS remains unclear [3]. Genetic issues such as heredity, as well as endocrine, body mass, practice of high risk sports, and postural problems have been considered possible causes of AIS [3,[6][7][8]. Nutrients such as vitamin D, calcium, and melatonin had also been reported to occur and progress the symptom of AIS [9].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A scoping review of the different types of exercise programs proposed for the improvement of postural balance in adolescents with idiopathic scoliosis

Baik

Kim

Lee

2023

BMR

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BACKGROUND: Adolescent idiopathic scoliosis (AIS), which is the most common type of scoliosis, is a progressive disease that occurs in children aged 10–16 years. Abnormal curvature in AIS provokes spinal asymmetry of the upper body alignment and might deteriorate postural balancing and control ability. OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the effect of exercise interventions on balance and postural stability in patients with adolescent idiopathic scoliosis. METHODS: Embase, Scopus, Pubmed (Medline) and Web of Science databases were searched using the terms idiopathic scoliosis, physiotherapy, and balance. The articles selected were published in English in peer-reviewed journals from 2012 to July 2022. RESULTS: Ten studies met the inclusion criteria. The PEDro scale values ranged from 2 to 6 (mean, 3.6), indicating a low level of scientific rigor. In the sample studies, spinal stabilization exercises were most often trialed (n= 3), followed by Schroth’s exercise (n= 2), stretching and self-elongation exercise (n= 2), the exercise protocol of Blount and Moe, physiotherapeutic scoliosis-specific exercise, and proprioceptive neuromuscular facilitation exercise (all n= 1). CONCLUSIONS: Physical therapists will be able to apply hippotherapy, Schroth exercise, physiotherapy scoliosis-specific exercise, trunk stabilization, proprioceptive neuromuscular facilitation exercise, spinal stabilization exercise, core stabilization exercise, and body awareness therapy to manage balance impairments in patients with adolescent idiopathic scoliosis, and further studies are needed to provide stronger evidence.

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Is There a Relationship between Idiopathic Scoliosis and Body Mass? A Scoping Review

Cited by 9 publications

References 46 publications

Association between body mass index and posterior spine fusion among patients with adolescent idiopathic scoliosis

Association between body mass index and posterior spine fusion among patients with adolescent idiopathic scoliosis

Association between lean mass and adolescent idiopathic scoliosis: a meta-analysis

A scoping review of the different types of exercise programs proposed for the improvement of postural balance in adolescents with idiopathic scoliosis

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