Is There an Association between Glomerular Density and Birth Weight in Healthy Humans?

Zidar, Nina; Cör, Andrej; Sršen, Tanja Premru; Štajer, Dušan

doi:10.1159/000045141

Cited by 18 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 8 publications

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“…Growth retardation in the 3rd trimester of pregnancy is associated with a 35–40% reduction in nephron number, a characteristic which is not able to be compensated for during the postnatal period [33]. Another recent study [34]has shown a relationship between low birth weight and reduced glomerular density in autopsy morphometrical analyses of 20 subjects. Brenner and Chertow [35]have introduced the concept of ‘congenital oligonephropathy’ as a hypothesis linking low filtration surface area with the later development of glomerular hypertension and sclerosis.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In morphometric studies, 3rd-trimester growth retardation is associated with a low total nephron number [33]and a low birth weight with reduced cortical glomerular density [34]. These studies suggest that growth retardation at various times, both in antenatal and postnatal life, may increase the risk of micro-albuminuria in non-diabetic and of nephropathy in diabetic adults.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Associations of Micro-Albuminuria with Intra-Uterine Growth Retardation

Yudkin

Martyn

Phillips

et al. 2001

Nephron

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Background/Aim: Micro-albuminuria is associated with insulin resistance and a high blood pressure and predicts an increased risk of cardiovascular disease in both diabetic and non-diabetic populations. Relationships have been described for micro-albuminuria with both low birth weight and short stature in adulthood. We have tested the hypothesis that micro-albuminuria in non-diabetic adults may be associated with markers of intra-uterine growth retardation. Methods: We measured the urinary albumin excretion rate in 818 men and women from three populations, in whom detailed records of birth weight were available, of whom 354 had records of length at birth to provide an estimate of the ponderal index. Results: The albumin excretion rates were higher in men than in women (5.1 vs. 3.8 µg/min) and were related to age (r = 0.23, p < 0.001) and body mass index (r = 0.08, p = 0.02) as well as fasting plasma glucose and blood pressure. Considered as a continuous variable, the albumin excretion rate was not related to any measure of size at birth or to adult height. Fifty-four subjects (6.6%) were micro-albuminuric (albumin excretion rate ≧ 20 µg/ min), and these subjects were thinner at birth than normo-albuminuric subjects (12.9 vs. 13.8 oz/in³, p = 0.09). Compared to those subjects whose ponderal index had been in the upper third of the distribution, people whose ponderal index had been in the lower third of the distribution had an odds ratio for micro-albuminuria of 3.1 (p for trend 0.05). Conclusion: The association between micro-albuminuria, insulin resistance, and coronary heart disease may be a consequence of growth retardation representing a common antecedent.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Associations of Micro-Albuminuria with Intra-Uterine Growth Retardation

Yudkin

Martyn

Phillips

et al. 2001

Nephron

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“…67,115,132 More rapid progression or relative resistance to therapy was also observed in LBW individuals with IgA nephropathy, membranous nephropathy, minimalchange disease, nephrotic syndrome, and chronic pyelonephritis. [132][133][134][135][136][137][138] Among a predominantly black dialysis population, the odds ratio for ESRD was 1.4 (95% confidence interval 1.1 to 1.8) among those with LBW compared with those with NBW. 16 This relationship persisted for all causes of ESRD and was not affected by family history of ESRD.…”

Section: Measures Of Renal Functionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Clinical Importance of Nephron Mass

Luyckx

Brenner²

2010

Journal of the American Society of Nephrology

277

243

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“…An inverted relationship has been shown between birth weight and nephron number, even in individuals with an appropriate birth weight for gestational age [53,[61][62][63] . Irrespective of birth size, premature birth can also disturb nephrogenesis and lead to a nephron deficit [64,65] .…”

Section: Intrauterine Growth Restrictionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Consequences of Intrauterine Growth Restriction for the Kidney

Schreuder

Waal

Wijk

2006

Kidney Blood Press Res

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Low birth weight due to intrauterine growth restriction is associated with various diseases in adulthood, such as hypertension, cardiovascular disease, insulin resistance and end-stage renal disease. The purpose of this review is to describe the effects of intrauterine growth restriction on the kidney. Nephrogenesis requires a fine balance of many factors that can be disturbed by intrauterine growth restriction, leading to a low nephron endowment. The compensatory hyperfiltration in the remaining nephrons results in glomerular and systemic hypertension. Hyperfiltration is attributed to several factors, including the renin-angiotensin system (RAS), insulin-like growth factor (IGF-I) and nitric oxide. Data from human and animal studies are presented, and suggest a faltering IGF-I and an inhibited RAS in intrauterine growth restriction. Hyperfiltration makes the kidney more vulnerable during additional kidney disease, and is associated with glomerular damage and kidney failure in the long run. Animal studies have provided a possible therapy with blockage of the RAS at an early stage in order to prevent the compensatory glomerular hyperfiltration, but this is far from being applicable to humans. Research is needed to further unravel the effect of intrauterine growth restriction on the kidney.

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Is There an Association between Glomerular Density and Birth Weight in Healthy Humans?

Cited by 18 publications

References 8 publications

Associations of Micro-Albuminuria with Intra-Uterine Growth Retardation

Associations of Micro-Albuminuria with Intra-Uterine Growth Retardation

The Clinical Importance of Nephron Mass

Consequences of Intrauterine Growth Restriction for the Kidney

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