Is There an Informal Employment Penalty in Food Security? Evidence from Rural Vietnam

Vu, Loan; Rammohan, Anu

doi:10.1057/s41287-021-00498-7

Cited by 7 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 37 publications

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“…In comparison, they are 2.6% and 1.1% more likely to be moderately secure and severely food insecure than formal households, which is unsurprising because informal employment is associated with a greater risk of income instability and shocks (Amuedo-Dorantes, 2004;Nordman, Rakotomanana, & Roubaud, 2016). Moreover, Vu and Rammohan (2022) found a significant negative relationship between informal employment and nutritious food consumption. In informal households, achieving higher levels of education enhances the probability of the household achieving food security by 0.1%.…”

Section: Multinomial Logit Modelmentioning

confidence: 95%

“…Hence, the employment sector is crucial in determining the food security levels within households (Cheema & Abbas, 2016). An increased fraction of household members in informal employment is related with an elevated level of food insecurity and a reduction in food expenditures (Blekking, Waldman, Tuholske, & Evans, 2020;Vu & Rammohan, 2022).…”

Section: Informal Employment and Household Food Security Statusmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Informality, Food Insecurity and Intra-Household Resource Allocation: Evidence from Pakistan

Sultana

2023

iRASD J. Eco.

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The significance of employment in alleviating household poverty and enhancing overall well-being is widely acknowledged. In Pakistan, even with the notable growth in agricultural production, the country struggles with significant levels of food insecurity, affecting approximately 20.3 percent of the population, as indicated by a 2019 global report. This research investigates the impact of informal employment on the Food Insecurity Experience Scale (FIES) and the distribution of resources within households, including categories such as food, non-food items, education, and health. Utilizing data from the Household Integrated Economic Survey (HIES) conducted in 2018-19, fractional response and ordered logit models were employed to analyze the influence of informal employment on resource allocation across various categories and household food insecurity. The findings indicated that households headed by individuals in informal employment typically allocate a more significant portion of their budget to food and health than those in formal employment. Moreover, the impact of informal employment on non-food expenses appears limited, and households with informal workers demonstrate reduced spending on education compared to their formal counterparts. Additionally, the study highlights a higher probability of severe or moderate food insecurity levels in households headed by individuals in informal employment. Comprehending employment and household welfare dynamics necessitates a thorough understanding of intra-household dynamics. This research contributes valuable insights for policymakers, aiding in identifying critical areas for expanding social protection measures for informal workers.

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Section: Multinomial Logit Modelmentioning

confidence: 95%

Section: Informal Employment and Household Food Security Statusmentioning

confidence: 99%

Informality, Food Insecurity and Intra-Household Resource Allocation: Evidence from Pakistan

Sultana

2023

iRASD J. Eco.

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“…The target population of the sample was intentionally limited to urban consumers as meat reduction, which is the main topic of the questionnaire, is less relevant in rural areas, where food insecurity and children’s undernutrition are more prevalent ( Vu and Rammohan, 2022 ). Amongst the five largest cities in Vietnam, we selected three for the survey: Hanoi, Haiphong and Ho Chi Minh City, which are amongst the most developed cities in Vietnam.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Understanding and tackling meat reduction in different cultural contexts: a segmentation study of Swiss and Vietnamese consumers

Delley,

Ha,

Götze

et al. 2024

Front. Psychol.

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ObjectiveThis study aims to disclose and compare meat consumer segments in Switzerland and Vietnam, which differ in terms of their socioeconomic and cultural settings (the former is a developed country, and the latter is an emerging one) to develop a set of segment-specific recommendations that might be applied to consumption in comparable contexts, that is, in other developed countries and other emerging economies.MethodsData were collected through two online surveys: one for Swiss residents from randomly selected households and one for Vietnamese urban residents recruited via snowball sampling. The final sample size was N = 643 for Switzerland and N = 616 for Vietnam. Hierarchical cluster analyses followed by K-means cluster analyses revealed five distinct clusters in both countries.ResultsThree clusters were common to both countries: meat lovers (21% in Switzerland and 19% in Vietnam), proactive consumers (22% in Switzerland and 14% in Vietnam) and suggestible consumers (19% in Switzerland and 25% in Vietnam). Two were specific to each country, namely traditional (19%) and basic (21%) consumers in Switzerland and confident (16%) and anxious (26%) consumers in Vietnam.ConclusionRelying on voluntary actions, nudging techniques, private initiatives and consumers’ sense of responsibility will certainly be useful but will nevertheless be insufficient to achieve a planetary health diet within the given timeframe (the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development). Governments will have no choice but to activate all levers within their sphere of influence – including regulatory measures – and oblige private sector actors to commit to the measures imposed on them. A binding international agenda with common objectives and measures is a judicious approach. Unlike most previous studies, which focused on meat consumption intensity and frequency or diet type to segment consumers, our approach, based on psychographic profiles, allows the identification of segments that share common drivers and barriers and thus the development of better-targeted measures to reduce meat consumption.

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“…However, the impact of foreign capital flows on food and nutrition security has not received significant attention and this needs to improve. This is important in order to directly quantify the capital flows impact on food and nutrition security, given that factors such as economic growth and employment do not directly translate into good welfare for citizens [ 12 ]. The arguments remain that non-inclusive growth in SSA undermines poverty reduction [ 13 ] and increases food insecurity and nutrition inequities [ 14 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The combined effect of institutional quality and capital flows on food and nutrition security and undernourishment in Sub-Saharan Africa

Cassimon

Fadare²,

Mavrotas³

2022

PLoS ONE

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Issues related to malnutrition, broadly defined, have received a growing attention in recent years, not only in connection with the Sustainable Development Goals but also recently with the unprecedented Covid-19 pandemic. At the same time, there exists a complex interaction between institutions, capital flows, and food and nutrition security that has received less attention in the relevant literature. In this paper we estimate a series of dynamic panel data models to examine the impact of institutional quality and capital flows on food security, nutrition security and undernourishment by using panel data for 25 SSA countries over the period 1996 to 2018. One of the key contributions of the paper is the use of both aggregate and disaggregated capital flows to examine the impact on both food and nutrition security, a dimension that has been surprisingly neglected in most of the relevant literature. We combine this with the interaction of various types of capital flows with an institutional quality index we constructed from various governance indicators to examine the impact of institutions on the overall nexus. Finally, we examine the impact not only on food and nutrition security but also on undernourishment. Our findings clearly demonstrate the importance of a heterogeneity approach and reflect on earlier work regarding the role of institutional quality in the overall nexus between external capital flows and various measures of food and nutrition security which leads, and as expected, to an interesting variation in the results obtained, depending on the type of capital flows and the interaction with the governance indicators.

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Is There an Informal Employment Penalty in Food Security? Evidence from Rural Vietnam

Cited by 7 publications

References 37 publications

Informality, Food Insecurity and Intra-Household Resource Allocation: Evidence from Pakistan

Informality, Food Insecurity and Intra-Household Resource Allocation: Evidence from Pakistan

Understanding and tackling meat reduction in different cultural contexts: a segmentation study of Swiss and Vietnamese consumers

The combined effect of institutional quality and capital flows on food and nutrition security and undernourishment in Sub-Saharan Africa

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