Is there any difference between the health risk from consumption of recorded and unrecorded spirits containing alcohols other than ethanol? A population-based comparative risk assessment

Bujdosó, Orsolya; Pajor, László; Nagy, Attila; Árnyas, Ervin; Ádány, Róza; Sándor, János; McKee, Martin; Szűcs, Sándor

doi:10.1016/j.yrtph.2019.05.020

Cited by 19 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 27 publications

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“…Thus, AAs and their metabolites may contribute to increased susceptibility to infectious diseases (22)(23)(24)(25). Our population-based risk assessment demonstrated that, in addition to ethanol, exposure to methanol, 1-propanol, 1-butanol, and isoamyl alcohol from distilled spirits posed a health risk for heavy alcohol users (26). In light of these and previous findings on immunotoxic effects of AAs, the results obtained by Ng et al deserves wider attention.…”

Section: Short-chain Alcohols Upregulate Gilz Gene Expression and Attsupporting

confidence: 58%

Commentary: Short-Chain Alcohols Upregulate GILZ Gene Expression and Attenuate LPS-Induced Septic Immune Response

et al. 2020

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Section: Short-chain Alcohols Upregulate Gilz Gene Expression and Attsupporting

confidence: 58%

Commentary: Short-Chain Alcohols Upregulate GILZ Gene Expression and Attenuate LPS-Induced Septic Immune Response

et al. 2020

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“…This may be due to illegal or informal production, cross-border shopping, as well as the use of surrogate alcohol not originally intended for human consumption (e.g., automotive products, cosmetic or medicinal alcohol) [1][2][3][4]. In some countries in Central and Eastern Europe as well as the Balkans, the majority of unrecorded alcohol consumption may derive from home production of spirits from sugar-containing fruit materials such as cherries, plums, apples, pears or grapes, which grow in abundance in these countries [5][6][7][8][9][10][11]. The level of unrecorded consumption in the WHO European region varies between 3% (Austria) and 75% (Azerbaijan) (average 21%) of total alcohol consumption (calculated based on WHO data for 2016 [12]).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…There are various hypotheses, such as that certain compounds in unrecorded alcohol may be causally related to its enhanced effects. Some studies point to so-called higher alcohols as culprits [10,11,15]. However, this hypothesis has not been universally accepted because many recorded fruit spirits contain similar levels of alcohol as their unrecorded counterparts [16][17][18].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Is There a Need for Alcohol Policy to Mitigate Metal Contamination in Unrecorded Fruit Spirits?

Lachenmeier

2020

IJERPH

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Unrecorded alcohol comprises all types of alcohol that is not registered in the jurisdiction where it is consumed. In some countries in Central and Eastern Europe as well as the Balkans, the majority of unrecorded alcohol consumption may derive from the home production of fruit spirits. Some studies found a high prevalence of lead and cadmium in such spirits. This article provides a quantitative comparative risk assessment using the margin of exposure (MOE) methodology for lead and cadmium, compared to ethanol, for unrecorded fruit spirits. For average concentration levels, the lowest MOE (0.8) was calculated for ethanol (alcohol itself). For lead, the MOE was 13 for moderate daily drinking and 0.9 for the worst-case scenario. For cadmium, the MOE was 1982 for moderate daily drinking and 113 for the worst-case scenario. The results of this study are consistent with previous comparative risk assessments stating that ethanol itself comprises by far the highest risk of all compounds in alcoholic beverages. Regarding metal contaminants, the risk of cadmium appears negligible; however, lead may pose an additional health risk in heavy drinking circumstances. Strategies to avoid metal contamination in the artisanal home production of spirits need to be developed.

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“…automotive products, cosmetic or medicinal alcohol) [1][2][3][4]. In some countries in Central and Eastern parts of Europe as well as the Balkan, the major amount of unrecorded alcohol consumption may derive from homeproduction of spirits from sugar-containing fruit materials such as cherries, plums, apples, pears or grapes, which grow in abundance in these countries [5][6][7][8][9][10][11]. The levels of unrecorded consumption in the European region varies between 3% and 75% (average 21%) of total alcohol consumption (own calculation based on WHO data for 2016 [12]).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…There are various hypotheses, if certain compounds in unrecorded alcohol may be causally related to its enhanced effects. Some studies point to so-called higher alcohols as culprits [10,11,15]. However, this hypothesis has not been universally accepted because many recorded fruit spirits contain similar levels of higher alcohols as their unrecorded counterparts [16][17][18].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Is There a Need for Alcohol Policy to Mitigate Metal Contamination in Unrecorded Fruit Spirits?

Lachenmeier

2020

Preprint

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Unrecorded alcohol comprises all types of alcohol that is not registered in the jurisdiction where it is consumed. In some countries in Central and Eastern parts of Europe as well as the Balkan, the major amount of unrecorded alcohol consumption may derive from homeproduction of fruit spirits. Some studies found a high prevalence of lead and cadmium in such spirits. This article provides a quantitative comparative risk assessment using the margin of exposure (MOE) methodology for lead and cadmium, compared to ethanol, for unrecorded fruit spirits. For average concentration levels, the lowest MOE (0.8) was calculated for ethanol (alcohol itself). For lead, the MOE was 13 for moderate daily drinking and 0.9 for the worst case. For cadmium, the MOE was 1982 for moderate daily drinking and 113 for the worst case. The results of this study are consistent with previous comparative risk assessments that ethanol itself comprises by far the highest risk of all compounds in alcoholic beverages. Regarding the metal contaminants, the risk of cadmium appears negligible, however, lead may pose an additional health risk in heavy drinking circumstances. Strategies to avoid metal contamination in settings of artisanal homeproduction of spirits need to be developed.

show abstract

Is there any difference between the health risk from consumption of recorded and unrecorded spirits containing alcohols other than ethanol? A population-based comparative risk assessment

Cited by 19 publications

References 27 publications

Commentary: Short-Chain Alcohols Upregulate GILZ Gene Expression and Attenuate LPS-Induced Septic Immune Response

Commentary: Short-Chain Alcohols Upregulate GILZ Gene Expression and Attenuate LPS-Induced Septic Immune Response

Is There a Need for Alcohol Policy to Mitigate Metal Contamination in Unrecorded Fruit Spirits?

Is There a Need for Alcohol Policy to Mitigate Metal Contamination in Unrecorded Fruit Spirits?

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