Is thermal use of groundwater a pollution?

Blum, Philipp; Menberg, Kathrin; Koch, Fabien; Benz, Susanne A.; Tissen, Carolin; Hemmerle, Hannes; Bayer, Peter

doi:10.1016/j.jconhyd.2021.103791

Cited by 34 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 90 publications

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“…Stauffer et al 2014). Die lokale Veränderung der natürlichen Grundwassertemperaturen stellt grundsätzlich einen Eingriff in die natürliche Grundwasserbeschaffenheit dar (Blum et al 2021). Weiterhin kann es zu Überlagerungen mit anderen Grundwassernutzungen kommen.…”

Section: Introductionunclassified

Berechnung von Temperaturfahnen im Grundwasser mit analytischen und numerischen Modellen

Ohmer

Klester

Kissinger

et al. 2022

Grundwasser - Zeitschrift der Fachsektion Hydrogeologie

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ZusammenfassungMit zunehmender Anzahl an Grundwasserwärmepumpenanlagen steigt auch das Potenzial an Nutzungsüberlagerungen. Im Rahmen des wasserrechtlichen Genehmigungsverfahrens ist es daher erforderlich, u. a. die von einer Anlage ausgehenden Temperaturfahnen im Grundwasser zu berechnen. In Baden-Württemberg wurde als Erweiterung des für Anlagen ≤ 45.000 gültigen Leitfadens des Umweltministeriums Baden-Württemberg kWh/a das Thermische Online-Modell (TOM) entwickelt. Hierbei handelt es sich um ein vereinfachtes, browserbasiertes, numerisches Grundwassermodell. Ziel dieser Studie ist, die mit TOM berechneten Ausdehnungen von Temperaturfahnen durch mit analytisch und einem kalibrierten numerischen Modell berechnete Temperaturfahnen zu evaluieren. Der Vergleich mit den analytischen Berechnungsmethoden zeigt, dass diese die Ausbreitung der Temperaturfahnen in Relation zu den numerischen Modellen grundsätzlich überschätzen. Für kleine und mittlere Anlagen (< 10 l/s) wurden mit TOM vergleichbare Ergebnisse wie mit einem kalibrierten numerischen Modell berechnet. Für größere Anlagen (Energieentzug > 45.000 kWh/, > 10 l/s) ist aufgrund der weiträumigeren Ausbreitung der Temperaturfelder, die Simulation mit einem kalibrierten numerischen Planungsmodell zu empfehlen.

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Section: Introductionunclassified

Berechnung von Temperaturfahnen im Grundwasser mit analytischen und numerischen Modellen

Ohmer

Klester

Kissinger

et al. 2022

Grundwasser - Zeitschrift der Fachsektion Hydrogeologie

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“…Warming of aquifers deteriorates groundwater quality by oxygen depletion and enhanced mobilization of contaminants. Warmed groundwater stimulates growth of pathogenic microbes while modifying biodiversity and character of groundwater ecosystems [88,89]. For buried structures, there is a need for thermal insulation, and especially the temperature of drinking water is reported to rise in cities due to warming of the buried supply network [90].…”

Section: Further Implicationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The evolution of the geothermal potential of a subsurface urban heat island

Hemmerle

Ferguson

Blum

et al. 2022

Environ. Res. Lett.

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Meeting the rising energy demands of cities is a global challenge. Exploitation of the additional heat in the subsurface associated with the subsurface urban heat island (SUHI) has been proposed to address the heating demands. For the sustainable use of this heat it is crucial to understand how SUHIs evolve. To date, there have been no comprehensive studies showing how temperature anomalies beneath cities change over time scales of decades. Here, we reveal the long-term increase of temperatures in the groundwater beneath Cologne, Germany from 1973 to 2020. The rise in groundwater temperature trails atmospheric temperature rise in the rural areas and exceeds the rise in atmospheric temperature in the urban center. However, the amount of heat that is currently stored each year in the thin shallow aquifer reaches only 1% of the annual heating demand. The majority of the anthropogenic heat passes by the vertical extent of the aquifer or is discharged by the adjacent river. Overall the geothermal resource of the urban ground remains largely underused and heat extraction as well as combined heating and cooling could substantially raise the geothermal potential to supply the city’s demand.

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“…Nevertheless, several barriers could potentially prevent an accelerated development of shallow geothermal energy systems for space heating and cooling. These include thermal overexploitation in densely populated areas, detrimental changes due to an even slight increase in temperature negatively affecting groundwater ecosystems and conflicts of use of shallow groundwater and the subsurface in general (Blum et al 2021;Bonte et al 2011;Bonte 2013;García-Gil et al 2020). Finding an optimal trade-off between these aspects exhibits wicked facets, which we discuss in this article.…”

Section: Heating and Coolingmentioning

confidence: 98%

Wicked facets of the German energy transition – examples from the electricity, heating, transport, and industry sectors

Biehl¹,

Missbach²,

Riedel³

et al. 2022

Preprint

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Wicked problems occur when decision-makers face constant change or unprecedented challenges and when uncertainty, complexity, and stakeholder divergence are high. We shed light on wicked problems in the German energy transition. Our methods consist of a multiple-case study and comparative multi-criteria analysis, utilising the wicked problems theoretical framework introduced by Horst Rittel and Melvin Webber (1973). Based on four exemplary cases, our research covers four core energy transition sectors: energy supply (developing onshore wind power), heating/cooling (using shallow geothermal energy systems), transport (decarbonising the transport sector), and industry (decarbonising the chemical industry sector). Cross-case results illustrate where and how the 10-point frame of wicked problems manifests in the German energy transition. We do not argue that the German energy transition is inherently wicked, yet we stress the need to consider potentially wicked facets of energy transition challenges. Our results show that the four cases exhibit more wicked tendencies in the governance domain than in the technical dimension. All cases exhibit wicked facets in the governance dimension, given strong normative assumptions, value divergence, and complex governance structures with a plurality of actors. From a technical perspective, the four cases still exhibit some wicked tendencies, e.g. raw material provision, skilled workforce, and waste management. The cases differ in technology maturity, state of knowledge, and degree of policy output and regulations. In applying the wickedness lens, we acknowledge that energy transition problems cannot be solved merely by technical measures but need to be tamed. Our work reflects which challenges and main barriers pertain to the four cases of the German energy transition. Understanding the elements of wickedness in a specific problem in the first step offers insights for addressing and managing these challenges in the next step.

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Is thermal use of groundwater a pollution?

Cited by 34 publications

References 90 publications

Berechnung von Temperaturfahnen im Grundwasser mit analytischen und numerischen Modellen

Berechnung von Temperaturfahnen im Grundwasser mit analytischen und numerischen Modellen

The evolution of the geothermal potential of a subsurface urban heat island

Wicked facets of the German energy transition – examples from the electricity, heating, transport, and industry sectors

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