“…It is these social characteristics of design studio that contribute to educators’ resistance to online design studio (Bender & Vredevoogd, 2006; Park, 2011; Wood, 2018; Fleischman, 2019) — yet in a time when our real‐world experience is so radically altered and our social conventions re‐thought, it follows that the way we teach and learn in architectural design studio must also change to ensure the ongoing relevance of the studio to contemporary experience. Several studies across architecture (Iranmanesh & Onur, 2021; Yu et al ., 2021), design (Marshalsey & Sclater, 2020; Meyer & Norman, 2020), planning and urban design (Mironowicz & Schretzenmayr, 2020) have indicated that a shift towards online studio is not only possible but is desirable to meet the challenges of a complex world, and that studios still relying on past pedagogies may no longer align with the real‐world complexities of design.…”