Is vitamin D supplementation responsible for the allergy pandemic?

Wjst, Matthias

doi:10.1097/aci.0b013e3283535833

Cited by 34 publications

(34 citation statements)

References 42 publications

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“…This is supported by a recent German birth cohort study (LINA study) which found that high vitamin D levels during pregnancy and at birth were associated with an increased risk of food allergy [104]. The varying effects of vitamin D on allergy risk have been explained by a U-shaped dose response curve, i.e., normal vitamin D levels may confer a protective effect while abnormally high or low levels may increase the allergy risk [100]. The aforementioned studies suggest that both vitamin D insufficiency and oversupplementation are risk factors for allergies [99].…”

Section: Vitamin D Hypothesissupporting

confidence: 52%

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Food Allergy Prevention and Treatment by Targeted Nutrition

Heine¹

2018

Ann Nutr Metab

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In view of the dramatic rise in the prevalence of food allergy globally, effective prevention strategies have become a public health priority. Several models have emerged around the etiology of food allergy, including the hygiene hypothesis, dual allergen exposure hypothesis, and vitamin D hypothesis. These form the basis for current and potential prevention strategies. Breastfeeding remains a key pillar of primary allergy prevention. Other nutritional interventions, including the use of whey-based, partially hydrolyzed formula in non-breastfed infants, also play an important role. In recent years, there has been a shift away from prolonged food allergen avoidance to the proactive allergen introduction from 4 months of age. This approach is supported by 2 pivotal randomized clinical trials showing that the early introduction of peanut and other food allergens significantly reduces the risk of food allergy. However, the implementation of this strategy at the population level still raises significant logistic problems, including patient selection and development of suitable food formats for young infants. Other prevention strategies, including vitamin D supplementation, are currently under evaluation. Maternal elimination diets during pregnancy and lactation are not recommended for allergy prevention. The treatment of food allergies has also seen major transformations. While strict allergen avoidance is still the key treatment principle, there is a greater focus on desensitization and tolerance induction by oral and epicutaneous immunotherapy. In addition, specialized hypoallergenic infant formulas for the treatment of infants with cow’s milk allergy have undergone reformulation, including the addition of lactose and probiotics in order to modulate the gut microbiome and early immune responses. Further research is needed to inform the most effective food allergy prevention strategies at the population level. In addition, the wider application of food allergen immunotherapy may provide better health outcomes and improved quality of life for families affected by food allergies.

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Section: Vitamin D Hypothesissupporting

confidence: 52%

“…Several studies have demonstrated an association between low vitamin D levels and food allergy [99,100]. An Australian study showed that vitamin D insufficiency (serum level < 50 nmol/L) was associated with a significantly increased risk of egg and/or peanut allergy [101].…”

Section: Vitamin D Hypothesismentioning

confidence: 99%

Food Allergy Prevention and Treatment by Targeted Nutrition

Heine¹

2018

Ann Nutr Metab

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“…It is suggested that only specific windows during allergic sensitization might be vulnerable to higher vitamin D levels which might explain the different outcome of such studies [179]. …”

Section: Micronutrients and Atopy: Other Optionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Non-Pro-Vitamin A and Pro-Vitamin A Carotenoids in Atopy Development

Rühl

2013

Int Arch Allergy Immunol

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Carotenoids are important derivatives of the human diet and occur in high concentrations in the human organism. Various carotenoids are also present in human breast milk and are transferred to breast-fed children. The alternative to breastfeeding is supplementation with an infant milk formula, but these formulas contain only a limited variety of carotenoids. Our question is: ‘What is the function of various carotenoids in human nutrition with a special emphasis on child development and the development of atopy?’ In this review, the mechanisms of action of the most important non-pro-vitamin A and pro-vitamin A carotenoids: α-carotene, β-carotene, β-cryptoxanthin, lutein, zeaxanthin, lycopene and retinoids are discussed. In summary, the combination of carotenoids, especially lycopene, seems to be of great importance, and exclusive usage of β-carotene in infant formula may yield in an increased atopy prevalence mediated in various target organs like the skin, lungs and immune competent cells. We conclude that the determination of novel bioactive metabolites of various carotenoids, at various stages in different organs during atopy development, might be the key to understanding the potential importance of carotenoids on atopy development.

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“…In den 90er-Jahren wurde eine EU-Direktive ausgegeben, in der eine Vitamin-D-Beimengung in die Babynahrung empfohlen wurde [17].…”

Section: Viele Untersuchungen Der Jüngeren Zeit Haben Sich Mit Dem Zuunclassified